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SSC CGL Geography One Liners

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SSC CGL Geography One Liners

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SSC Complete Study Material on “SSC CGL Geography One Liners” is the comprehensive collections of important topics which represent an unprecedented level of coverage of the Geography and will be helpful in the preparation of SSC and all other Competitive exams.

shape One Liners

SSC CGL Geography - Points:
  • If the mass of a star is two times the mass of the sun, it will collapse into a neutron star.

  • International Dateline is a curved line beyond earth.

  • International Dateline passes through the mid-pacific ocean.

  • The interval between high tide and neap at a given place is 12 hours 26 minutes.

  • The sunlight is available 24 hours on the longest day at 66 [latex]\frac{1}{2}^{0}[/latex] latitudes of the earth.

  • On the planet earth, the water cycle is available.

  • Island of man is located between Northern Ireland and England.

  • Naokhali is situated in Bangladesh.

  • In Tamil Nadu wheat is not produced.

  • Lucknow is situated in the farthest east among Lucknow, Jabalpur, Hyderabad, Chennai.

  • Hardoi among Pilibhit, Bahraich, Lakhimpur, Hardoi is not situated in the Terai of Uttar Pradesh.

  • In India ‘Siberian Crane’ can be found in Keoladeva Ghana Bird Sanctuary.

  • Rubber plant was brought into India for plantation from Brazil.

  • Most of the earth’s active volcanoes are concentrated in the Pacific Ocean.

  • In the Basin of the Pacific ocean, the ring of fire is a major area where a large number of earthquakes and a volcanic eruption occurs.

  • The deflection of the wind to the right in the northern hemisphere is caused by the rotation of the earth.

  • The Savannah finds its ideal conditions of growth in a hot humid climate with the long dry season.

  • The Grand canyon is located on the Colorado river.

  • Colorado river is in the state of Arizona in the united state.

  • Chilka lake is the famous lagoon lake of India.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • A lagoon is a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water by barrier islands or reefs.

  • 33.3 Percent should be the proportion of forest cover for India to maintain her ecological balance.

  • Rolling, drying and withering are the important steps in processing tea leaves.

  • List- I(Thermal Power plants) List-II(Locations)
    Kahalgaon Bihar
    Farakka West Bengal
    Ramagundam Andhra Pradesh
    Gandhar Gujrat

  • Arunachal Pradesh has the lowest population density in India state /UT.

  • Atmospheric pressure exerted on earth is due to gravitational pull.

  • Pruning is an essential part of the cultivation of Tea.

  • West Bengal is broadly as large as the European nation Austria.

  • The deposits of the ancient Tethys sea were folded to form the Himalayas.

  • The largest irrigation canal in India is Indira Gandhi Canal.

  • Fact: Rajasthan

  • The maximum area under crops in India is used for the cultivation of Rice.

  • Obra is known for a thermal power station.

  • Success Tip: Obra thermal power station is located in sonbhadra district of Uttar Pradesh.

  • Anantnag district is on the Internation border of India.

  • Success Tip: Jammu and Kashmir.

  • Most of the devastating earthquakes are usually caused by collision of earth plates.
  • Tornado has the highest wind velocity.

  • Speed of wind is measured by Anemometer.

  • A special type of well in which water rises automatically under the pressure of a column of water to the ground surface through a hole is known as Geyser.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • The soil water which is of the greatest importance to plant life is gravitational water.

  • Atlantic ocean has the shape of English alphabet S.

  • The colour of loamy soil is yellowish brown.

  • Trade winds are due to convections.

  • The Himalayas is the longest mountain range in the world above sea-level.

  • The Term Roaring Forties is related to the Westerlies.

  • Ultraviolet radiations of the sun do not reach the earth because the earth’s atmosphere is surrounded by ozone.

  • The presence of a lion in the forest is essential in order to save the pastures from being overgrazed.

  • Danube river flows in Germany.

  • The west to the east extension of the Himalayas is from Indus George to Dihang George.

  • Bandipur National park is in Assam.

  • Nuclear energy is not a non-conventional energy source.

  • ‘Todas’ are found in Tamil Nadu.

  • The production of Union is highest in Maharashtra.

  • The Jawahar tunnel, the largest in India is located in Jammu and Kashmir.

  • It is situated between Banihal and Qaz-igund on NH1A that has been renumbered NH44.

  • Mahanadi river makes an Estuary.

  • Mahanadi river flows through Chhattisgarh and Odisha.

  • Kochi was the million-plus population cities according to 1991 census had got the highest literacy rate.

  • Naranarayan setu been built on river Brahmaputra.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • It is the third bridge have been constructed over the Brahmaputra river in Assam.

  • Sambhar salt lake is situated in Rajasthan.

  • It is India’s largest inland salt lake.

  • Electricity supply was first introduced in Darjeeling in India.

  • Pushkar Fair is held in Rajasthan.

  • Sarada Barrage, Tanakpur Barrage, Pancheswar project are Indo-Nepal cooperation project.

  • Trees are leafless for a shorter or longer season of the year in a deciduous forest.

  • Mercury is the hottest planet of the solar system among Mercury, Mars, Earth and Saturn

  • Venus is the hottest planet in our solar system. Mercury doesn’t have any atmosphere, any heat that Mercury receives from the sun is quickly lost back into space.

  • The line on a map connecting points of equal temperature at a given time is known as Isotherm.

  • Rivers from South to North are Cauvery, Krishna, Godavari, Mahanadi.

  • Shimla is linked to the border by the Hindustan - Tibet road.

  • Kerala has the largest reserves of monazite, with high thorium content.

  • Eucalyptus trees found in abundance in Mizo hills.

  • The first solar city of India is Anandpur Sahib.

  • Anandpur Sahib is a city in Rupnagar district (Ropar) in the state of Punjab, India. Known as “the holy City of Bliss,” it is one of the Sikh’s most important sacred places.

  • Farakka Barrage was commissioned to save Kolkata port.

  • Farakka Barrage is a barrage across the Ganges River, located in the state of West Bengal.

  • Integral Coach Factory (ICF) is located in Perambur, a suburb of Chennai.

  • Assam has the largest concentration of tea plantation in India.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • The Head-Quarters of the Botanical Survey of India is located in Lucknow.

  • The largest Island in the world is Greenland.

  • The Architectural Work of Le Corbusier is the latest from India to be recognized by the UNESCO’s World Heritage Committee for its outstanding universal value.

  • Salar Jung Museum is situated in Hyderabad.

  • The Indian wild ass (Ghor-Khur) is found in the Rann of Kuchh.

  • Among Jaipur, Nagpur, Bhopal, and Hyderabad, Jaipur lies to the western-most longitude.

  • Normandy beach is located in France.

  • Dams and the rivers across which they have been constructed.

      • Dam River
      Gandhi Sagar Chambal
      Jayakawadi Godavari
      Nagarjuna Krishna
      Tehri Bhagirathi

  • Narmada river flows through a rift valley.

  • The Narmada flows through Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Gujarat.

  • Corbett is the largest tiger reserve in India.

  • Jim Corbett National Park is the oldest national park in India and was established in 1936 as Hailey National Park to protect the endangered Bengal tiger. It is located in Nainital district of Uttarakhand.

  • Tamil Nadu does not cultivate wheat.

  • Rivers flowing through the cities

      • City River
      Rotterdam Rhine
      Paris Seine
      Budapest Danube
      Washington Potomac

  • Maharashtra in India is the largest producer of Sulphur.

  • Ajmer, Ahmedabad, and Jabalpur are on the Golden Quadrilateral being created for the roads infrastructure of the country.

  • The largest highway project in India and the fifth longest in the world, started by NDA Government led by Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee.

  • The arctic circle is the greatest circle among the Equator, Tropic of Cancer, Tropic of Capricorn and Arctic circle.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Convectional rainfall occurs in Equatorial region.

  • Clear nights are colder than cloudy nights because of radiation.

  • The Western Ghats is a ‘hot spot’ for biological diversity in India.

  • Nagaland does not have a border with Mizoram.

  • The longest river of peninsular India is the Godavari.

  • The Godavari is the second longest river in India after the river Ganges.

  • Ellora Caves, Qutab Minar and Manas Wild Life Sanctuary in India is on the UNESCO’s list of World Cultural Heritage.

  • The Aral Sea is a landlocked sea lying between Kazakhstan in the north and Uzbekistan in the south.

  • Dams and the states in which they are situated

      • Dam States
      Tungabhadra Karnataka
      Lower Bhavani Tamil Nadu
      Idukki Kerala
      Nagarjuna Sagar Andhra Pradesh

  • Ghagra river does not originate in Indian territory.

  • Karnali, also called Ghaghara is a perennial transboundary river originating on the Tibetan Plateau near Lake Mansarovar.

  • A place where there is a constant intermingling of salt water and fresh water is called Estuary.

  • Mushroom Rocks are the typical landforms seen in Deserts.

  • Equatorial regions experience hot and humid climate.

  • When the barometer reading dips suddenly. It is an indication of Storm.

  • Tree felling is an important cause for global warming.

  • Increase in altitude, it decreases the atmospheric pressure.

  • The term ‘equinox’ means when the day and night are of equal duration.

  • Isobars are lines joining places having equal pressure.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • D.D.T is an ozone-depleting pesticide.

  • Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is a colourless, crystalline, tasteless, and almost odourless organochlorine known for its insecticidal properties and environmental impacts. The energy crisis is a consequence of Excessive use of a non-renewable source of energy.

  • Orissa produces the maximum manganese in India.

  • Waterloo is located in Belgium.

  • Mount Everest is named after a Surveyor General of India.

  • Success Tip: Sir George Everest

  • Kharif corps are sown in the beginning of the south west monsoon.

  • Coal is a non-renewable source of energy.

  • Tropical grassland of Brazil is called Campos.

  • Basaltic Lava is found in the Deccan Trap.

  • The deepest ocean of the world is the Pacific Ocean.

  • The deepest point in the Pacific Ocean is the Mariana Trench at 36,200 feet.

  • Formation of the ozone hole is maximum over Antarctica.

  • Global Warming is mainly due to the accumulation of Carbon Dioxide.

  • The presence of ozone in the stratosphere is responsible for checking the penetration of ultraviolet rays to the earth.

  • The soil conservation method in which mountain slope is cut into step is Terracing.

  • Mediterranean type of climate is characterized by Dry summer and wet winter.

  • Suitable Match of Dams and the rivers across which those have been constructed.

      • Dam River
      Ukai Tapti
      Rana Pratap Sagar Chambal
      Thein Ravi
      Hiracund Mahanadi

  • For the cultivation of Tobacco, the soil should be rich in potash.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Geostationary Satellite- Its time period is 24 hours Its angular speed is equal to that of the earth It revolves from west to east over the equator.

  • The long-range potential of nuclear energy in India depends on its reserves of Thorium.

  • The Crops are grown after the summer monsoon are called Rabi.

  • Rabi cropping season is from October-March (winter).

  • Central Americas (Between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn) regions of the Americas has the highest concentration of World Heritage Sites on the list of the UNESCO.

  • The part of the Equatorial region which has well-developed rubber plantation in Malaysia.

  • Black soil is best suited for cotton cultivation.

  • Lucknow is well known for the embroidery form of “Chikankari”.

  • Believed to have been introduced by Nur Jehan, the wife of Mughal emperor Jahangir.

  • The largest irrigation canal in India is called the Indira Gandhi Canal.

  • The proposed sea-route “Sethu Samudram” is a canal through which of the sea-lanes Gulf of Mannar.

  • The iron & steel industry at Rourkela was developed with German technical collaboration.

  • It was set up with West German collaboration with an installed capacity of 1 million tonnes in 1960.

  • Eden Canal is located in West Bengal.

  • Tala Hydroelectric project is located in Bhutan.

  • At Ranthambore Sanctuary in India, you can spot the Siberian crane in winter.

  • Saffron is produced in HP.

  • Saffron is mainly cultivated in Jammu & Kashmir and Himachal Pradesh. Saffron belongs to the family of “Iridaceae” and commercial part of saffron is “Stigma”.

  • The Sabarigiri Project originally commissioned in 1968 is located on the Pamba and Kakki rivers in the Kerala State of India.

  • Ranthambore(Rajasthan), Gir (Gujarat) and Bandipur (Karnataka) located in three different States of India.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Saltora Ranges are located in part of the Karakoram Ranges.

  • Sardar Sarovar Dam is being built on the river Narmada.

  • Gully is one of the types of erosion is responsible for the formation of Chambal Ravines.

  • In Uttar Pradesh, Canal irrigation system is the most common.

  • Gujarat is the largest producer of salt in India because It has extensive dry coast.

  • Malabar Coast is the main spice producer.

  • Anthracite, type of coal has the lowest proportion of volatile matter.

  • Site/Monument Location
    Cave paintings Ajanta
    Rock cut Shrines Ellora
    Basilica of Bom Jesus Velha Goa
    Sun Temple Konark

  • The soil which originates under tall-grass prairie vegetation is called Chernozem Soils.

  • Chernozem Soils is a black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus (7% to 15%), and high percentages of phosphoric acids, phosphorus and ammonia.

  • Correct Pairs
      • i. Isobars - Pressure ii. Isohels - Sunshine iii. Isotherms - Temperature

  • The term ‘Isoneph’ indicates the lines equal to cloudiness.

  • Generally, the soil of the northern plains of India has been formed by aggravation.

  • Bhakra Dam is the highest gravity dam in the world.

  • The dam, located at a gorge near the (now submerged) upstream Bhakra village in Bilaspur district of Himachal Pradesh of height 226 m.

  • World’s largest desert is Sahara.

  • The Sahara Desert is the world’s largest hot desert, located in North Africa. It stretches from the Red Sea to the Atlantic Ocean.

  • “Climate is extreme, rainfall is scanty, and the people used to be nomadic hoarders” this statement is correct for Siberian Tundra region.

  • Marble is the metamorphosed form of Limestone.

  • Wind deposition processes are responsible for producing the sand dunes in western Rajasthan.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • The solar radiation coming to earth is sunshine.

  • Hailstorms are caused due to freezing.

  • The heat from the sun reaches the earth through the process of radiation.

  • Study of the field crops is called Agronomy.

  • Bird Sanctuary National Park Located
    Bandipur NationalPark Karnataka
    Gir National Park Gujarat
    Manas Sanctuary Assam
    Rohala National Park Himachal Pradesh

  • State Capital
    Assam Dispur
    Dadra and Nagar Haveli Silvassa
    Lakshadweep Kavaratti
    Sikkim Gangtok

  • The ONGC oil platform which caught fire in July 2005 is known as Bombay High(North).

  • The Capital of USA is situated on the bank of the river Potomac.

  • Mica is found in Kodarma.

  • Nhava Sheva, Marmagao, Kochi are the parts along the Western coast.

  • Iron, Steel, Aluminium and Cement industries maximise savings on transport costs by being located near the sources of material.

  • Ukai project is in the state of Gujarat.

  • The Ukai Dam, constructed across the Tapti River, is the largest reservoir in Gujarat.

  • Mountain soil contains a lot of coase material.

  • The term ‘epicentre’ is associated with an earthquake.

  • cyclone India Ocean
    typhoons China Sea
    hurricanes Atlantic Ocean
    tornadoes North America

  • Echo sounding is the technique applied to measure the depth of the sea.

  • Echo sounding is a type of SONAR used to determine the depth of water by transmitting sound pulses into water. The time interval between emission and return of a pulse is recorded, which is used to determine the depth of water along with the speed of sound in water at the time.

  • The highest mountain peak of the Himalayas is situated in Nepal.

  • Metamorphic rocks originate from both igneous and sedimentary rocks.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Blizzards are characteristic lea lures of Antarctic region.

  • Over the North Pole is the shortest route from Moscow to San Francisco.

  • Nepal Himalayas, part of the Himalayas has the maximum stretch from east to west.

  • The standard time of a country differs from the GMT in multiples of Half hour.

  • Monoculture is a typical characteristic of commercial grain farming.

  • Sutlej is the part of a major river system Indus.

  • Rajasthan receives very little rain because of the winds do not come across any barriers to cause the necessary uplift to cool the wind.

  • Gujarat has the largest proportion of its net irrigation area under good irrigation.

  • Planet mercury has no moon.

  • The standard time of India is 5 [latex]\frac {1}{2}[/latex] hours ahead of GMT.

  • Black Forests are found in Germany.

  • The Earth rotates on its axis at an inclination of 23 [latex]\frac {1}{2}[/latex] degree.

  • The sudden fall of atmospheric pressure indicates a storm.

  • Mars is called a red planet.

  • The famous Gir forest is located in Gujarat.

  • Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka states of India is rubber grown on a commercial scale.

  • Mumbai, Cochin and Paradip harbours are natural harbours.

  • Natural Harbour - A Part of a baby of water along the shore deep enough for anchoring a ship and so situated with respect to coastal flat.

  • Green revolution in India has so far been most successful in case of wheat.

  • Bangalore is referred to as the ‘silicon valley of India’.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Dolomite is a sedimentary rock.

  • El Nino is a warm ocean current.

  • Through ‘photosynthesis’ green plants generate organic material.

  • The instrument for measuring intensity of earthquakes is called seismograph.

  • Brightest planet in our solar system is Venus.

  • The Milky Way Galaxy was first discovered by Galileo.

  • Late expanding stage in the population cycle in which India is classified on the basis of its demographic characteristic.

  • Jadugoda mines are famous for uranium deposits.

  • Madhya Pradesh has the largest coverage of forest in India.

  • Al iyar, Periyar and Kundah hydroelectric projects belong to Tamil Nadu.

  • Turkey is dependent on others for raw the material for its Iron-Steel industry.

  • The largest irrigated area in India is occupied by rice.

  • Cotton, textile and petrochemical industries are the major beneficiaries of the Mumbai port.

  • In India, ‘yellow revolution’ is associated with production of oilseeds.

  • Gram is considered as a cash crop in India.

  • West Bengal shares boundaries with three countries.

  • The state has international boundaries with Bangladesh in the east, Bhutan and Nepal in the north.

  • Ocean Currents does not have an influence over the climate of India.

  • The local time of any place vary from Greenwich Time. Four minutes for each degree of longitude.

  • The Indian sub continent was the part of Gondwana land.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • The tropical grass land is called Savanah.

  • The atmosphere is heated mainly by insolation.

  • Contour ploughing, dry farming and shifting agriculture method helps in conserving soil fertility and moisture.

  • In a slanting hilly Indian terrain experiencing more than 200 cm of annual rainfall, in that case tea can be cultivated best.

  • The narrow stretch of water connecting two seas is called Strait.

  • The topography of plateau is ideal for generation of hydro power.

  • Agro-based and Mineral based is the classification of industries on the basis of raw materials.

  • In India rain forests is found in N.E. Himalaya and Western Ghats.

  • In India population density is defined as the number of persons per square kilometre.

  • Canada is the largest producer of uranium in the world.

  • Mudumalai Wild-Life Sanctuary is located in the state of Tamil Nadu.

  • Naga, Khasi and Garo hills are located in Purvanchal Range.

  • Bajra, Rice, Maize and Jowar are grown in the kharif season.

  • The instrument used to measure the speed of the wind is Anemometer.

  • India exports Iron ore mainly to Japan.

  • Town State
    Dehradun Uttarakhand
    Shimla Himachal Pradesh
    Darjeeling West Bengal
    Panchmarhi Madhya Pradesh

  • Pir Panjal mountain range lies in India.

  • Among Kamet, Kun Lun, Nanga Parbat and Nanda Devi, Nanga Parbat is the highest peak.

  • Nanga Parbat is the world’s ninth tallest mountain and stands at about 26,660 feet (8,126 meters) in height.

  • For the determination of the age of fossils and rocks, Carbon Dating method is used.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Neither the Lava nor the Magma has gas.

  • Loess is the example of sedimentary rocks.

  • Mica is found in Schist and Gneiss.

  • The Mohorovicic (Moho) Discontinuity separates Crust and Magma.

  • Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system.

  • The International Date Line is the 180 degree longitude.

  • The International Date Line, established in 1884, passes through the mid-Pacific Ocean and roughly follows a 180 degrees longitude north-south line on the Earth.

  • The largest ocean is the Pacific Ocean.

  • Earthquake is caused by disturbance of the earth surface.

  • We see the same face of the moon because it takes equal time for revolution around the earth and rotation on its own axis.

  • Tea, coffee and rubber are plantation crops.

  • Forest crops are related to Silviculture.

  • The only ape of India found in hill forests of Assam and Nagaland is Orangutan.

  • Brahmaputra River is also known as Tsangpo in Tibet.

  • Origin from the Angsi glacier, located on the northern side of the Himalayas in Burang County of Tibet as the Yarlung Tsangpo River.

  • Jhum Cultivation is a method of cultivation which used to be practised in Central Highland.

  • The largest producer of gold in the world is South Africa.

  • The busiest and the most important sea route of the world is North Atlantic Sea Route.

  • In terms of area, India is the seventh largest country in the world. Russia > Canada > USA > China > Brazil > Australia > India.

  • The countries separated by the Mac-Mohan Line are China and India.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • The McMahon Line is a line agreed to by Britain and Tibet as part of the Simla Accord, a treaty signed in 1914. It is the effective boundary between China and India.

  • Jadugoda is associated with the mining of Uranium.

  • The Jaduguda Mine is a uranium mine in Jaduguda village in the Purbi Singhbhum district of Jharkhand. It commenced operation in 1967.

  • Salim Ali was an eminent ornithologist.

  • Salim Ali is referred to as the “Birdman of India”.

  • ‘Survey of India’ is under the Ministry of Environment and Forests.

  • The highest grade and best quality coal is Anthracite.

  • Africa is called the “Dark Continent”.

  • During the middle of the 19th century, Africa was referred to as the “Dark Continent”, because little was known about the mysterious land itself.

  • Mawsynram is the wettest place in India.

  • Mawsynram is a village in the East Khasi Hills district of Meghalaya.

  • The approximate length of the coast-line of India is 7,000 km.

  • The area with annual rainfall less than 50 cm in a year is Leh in Kashmir.

  • Silent Valley of Kerala contains rare species of plants and animals.

  • The only sanctuary where Kashmir Stag is found is Dachigam.

  • The Visvesvaraya Iron & Steel Ltd. is located at Bhadravati.

  • Visvesvaraya Iron and Steel Plant (VISL), a unit of Steel Authority of India Limited. It was started as the Mysore Iron Works on January 18, 1923, by Sir M Visvesvaraya.

  • Bhakra dam of India is the highest.

  • Bhakra Dam is a concrete gravity dam at Satluj River in Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh.

  • Of the gross cropped area in India, the foodgrains occupy more than 70 per cent.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Kaziranga National Park is famous for Rhinoceros Located in Assam.

  • Nuclear explosive devices were tested in India at Pokharan.

  • Pokhran is a city located in the Jaisalmer district of Rajasthan. It is a remote location in the Thar Desert.

  • Correctly Matched
      Indonesia Jakarta
      Maldives Male
      North Korea Pyongyang
      Zimbabwe Harare

  • India has a coastline of 7500 km.

  • Jawahar Tunnel, the largest in India is located in the State of Jammu & Kashmir.

  • The most literate union territory in India is Lakshadweep.

  • Afghanistan, Pakistan and Iran sets of countries are referred to as The Golden Crescent the largest opium industry in the world.

  • The volcano Mount Gamkonora, the highest peak of Halmahera island, which erupted in July, 2007 is located in Indonesia.

  • Tea and Coffee are close substitutes.

  • In India, the irrigation of agricultural land is carried out maximum by Wells.

  • The four largest planets of the Solar System in decreasing sizes are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.
  • Planets of the Solar System in decreasing sizes Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Earth, Venus, Mars, Mercury.

  • Off-shore Bombay High produces maximum crude petroleum in India at present.

  • India is one of the largest producers of manganese in the world along with Brazil and Russia.

  • The Chipko Movement is related to Forest conservation Began in 1973.

  • River Narmada makes an estuary.

  • Baltoro glacier is located in Karakoram ranges.

  • The largest producer of world’s mica is India.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • The International Date Line is the 180° Longitude.

  • U.S.A has the highest percentage of land under cultivation.

  • Carbon dioxide is a major green house gas.

  • In the atmosphere the lower most layer is Troposphere.

  • The first ever robot spacecraft to probe planet Venus was named Magellan.

  • Comets revolve around the Sun.

  • Comets contain dust, ice, carbon dioxide, ammonia, methane and more.

  • Among Mumbai, Chennai, Thiruvanthapuram and Srinagar, Srinagar will never get the vertical rays of the sun.

  • Water is a biotic and renewable resource.

  • The science of map making is called Cartography.

  • Among Patna, Allahabad, Pachmarhi and Ahmedabad, Patna lies to the northernmost latitude.

  • Thermal power accounts for the largest share of power generation in India.

  • Among Mathura, Rohtak, Panipat and Khurja, Mathura does not come within NCR.

  • The Godavari is the second longest river in India after the river Ganges having its source at Tryambakeshwar, Maharashtra.

  • Capital of Tanzania is Dar-es-salaam.

  • The Andaman group and Nicobar group of islands are separated from each other by Ten Degree Channel.

  • Godavari is also called Vridha Ganga.

  • The cause for the Tsunami, as deduced by the seismologists, is low pressure trough in the ocean.

  • The latitude passing through the northern most part of India is 37° N.

  • River erosion is at its greatest where the river’s flow is fast.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Great Barrier Reef is located in the Coral Sea.

  • The Great Barrier Reef is located in the Coral Sea, off the coast of Queensland, Australia.

  • The South West monsoon engulfs entire India by 15[latex]^{th}[/latex] July.

  • Pluto is the coldest planet among Mars, Earth and Mercury.

  • Kerala records the highest sex ratio in India.

  • Major fishing grounds are found in Northern Hemisphere.

  • The first National Forest Policy issued by the Government of India in 1952.

  • Sonalika, Kalyan Sona and Girija are an HYV of wheat.

  • Maximum Water Vapour content in the atmosphere is 3 to 4 percent.

  • In Indian agriculture, the period from July to October-November is called Kharif season.

  • Delhi–Kolkata National Highway number 2 joins.

  • Watermelons grow best in sandy soil.

  • Maikala range is situated in the state of Chhattisgarh.

  • Nallamala hills are located in the state of Andhra Pradesh.

  • Excluding the East European countries and Russia, the country with the largest area under forest, is Brazil.

  • The first iron and steel industry of India was established in Jamshedpur.

  • HYV refers to High yielding variety.

  • The residue left after extracting juice from sugar beet and sugarcane is called bagassee.

  • List-I (Country) List-II (Local Wind)
    Australia Willy-Willy
    China Typhoon
    France Mistral
    West Indies Hurricane

  • Ultraviolet radiation striking the earth is due to the depletion of Ozone.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Integral Coach Factory is located at Perambur (TN).

  • ‘Seven Sisters’ states are Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland and Tripura.

  • Jharkhand possesses the biggest coal reserve.

  • The coastal tract of Andhra Pradesh and TamilNadu is called Coromandel.

  • The highest Indian waterfall is Gersoppa.

  • It is also known as Jog Falls and created by Sharavathi River.

  • Deflation, Deforestation and over-cropping are the cause of soil erosion.

  • China has the longest international boundary with India divided by Mcmahon Line.

  • Epicentre is concerned with Earthquake.

  • Richter scale is used to measure the intensity of an earthquake.

  • Pluto is farthest from the Earth.

  • Andhra Pradesh has the longest sea coast.

  • Tehri dam is built on Bhagirathi River.

  • ATM stands for Automatic Teller Machine.

  • Fog is an example of Liquid dispersed in gas.

  • The Aral Sea is a landlocked sea.

  • Isohyets represent the lines joining the places of equal rainfall.

  • Equator represents Imaginary line passing around the Earth midway between North & South poles.

  • Global warming is expected to result in Increase in the level of the sea, Change in crop pattern and Change in the coast line.

  • Pulsars are rapidly spinning stars.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Biggest planet of the solar system is Jupiter.

  • The ozone hole that has been detected lies in the atmosphere above Antarctica.

  • Namdhapa National Park is in Arunachal Pradesh.

  • Tehri Hydropower Complex is located On the Bhagirathi River.

  • Sea Ports States
    Bhatkal Karnataka
    Alleppey Kerala
    Kakinada Andhra Pradesh
    Tuticorin Tamil Nadu

  • Seismic sea waves which approach the coasts at greater force are known as Tsunami.

  • Depression formed due to deflating action of winds is called Yardang.

  • The land of maximum biodiversity is Tropical.

  • Heat transfer horizontally within the atmosphere is called Convection.

  • Proxima Centaur is the second nearest star to the Earth after the Sun.

  • Indian Standard Time relates to 82.5° E longitude.

  • The forest in Sunderban is called Mangrove.

  • Soil erosion on hill slopes can be checked by afforestation.

  • The age of the Earth can be determined by Radio-Metric Dating.

  • Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra form part of Narmada River basin.

  • Eratosthenes coined the word ‘Geography’.

  • Western Ghats is called the ‘ecological hot spot of India’.

  • The ‘Pacific Ring of Fire’ is associated with volcanoes and earthquakes.

  • River Tapti forms an Estuary.

  • Flows between the Godavari and Narmada rivers.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Correctly Matched

      • Country Mineral
      Russia Nickel
      Mexico Silver
      Bolivia Tin
      U.S.A. Copper

  • The leading producer of aluminium in the world is Jamaica.

  • According to a report in the science journal, ‘Nature Geoscience‘ twenty-four out of thirty-three deltas in the world are shrinking and thus shrinking. The Indian delta in the ‘Greater Peril’ category is Mahanadi.

  • Manas Sanctuary in Assam is known for elephant.

  • Humboldt Current is a cold ocean current.

  • The Humboldt Current is a cold, low-salinity ocean current that flows north along the west coast of South America from the southern tip of Chile to northern Peru.

  • Rihand Dam has been constructed on the tributary of River Son.

  • Rihand Dam is also known as Govind Ballabh Pant Sagar.

  • The length of India’s coastline is about 7500 kms.

  • K2 is the second highest peak of the world.

  • K2 is the highest point of the Karakoram Range and the highest point in both Pakistan and Xinjiang (China).

  • The approximate length of Konkan Railway is 760 kms.

  • Andhra coast of India is most affected by violent tropical cyclone.

  • The largest fresh water lake in the world is Lake Superior.

  • Lake Superior is considered as the largest freshwater lake in the world by surface area. It is the world’s third-largest freshwater lake by volume and the largest by volume in North America.

  • In the world, India tops in the production of Mica.

  • Surti breed of buffalo is found in the South-Western part of the Gujarat.

  • Corbet National Park is the first National Park of India.

  • Success Tip: Located in Uttarakhand.

  • Kaiga-11 plant which supplies electricity is a nuclear project.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Kaiga Generating Station is a nuclear power generating station situated at Kaiga, near the river Kali, in Uttar Kannada district of Karnataka.

  • Semeru Volcanoes is situated in Mexico.

  • Cloudy nights are warmer compared to clear nights, because clouds mainly reflect back the heat given by the earth.

  • Cirrus is the highest cloud.

  • ‘Mushroom’ rock in India can be found in Thar Desert.

  • A mushroom rock, also called rock pedestal.

  • Bad land topography is characteristic of Gulf of Kachchh.

  • The Gulf of Kutch is an inlet of the Arabian Sea along the west coast of Gujarat.

  • Kerala and Haryana states as per census, has the highest and lowest sex ratio respectively.

  • Finland is known as the ‘Land of Thousand Lakes’.

  • Indian desert is called Thar.

  • Thar Desert, also known as the Great Indian Desert, is a large, arid region in the north western part of the Indian subcontinent that forms a natural boundary between India and Pakistan.

  • The satellite launching centre of India located in Sriharikota.

  • Sriharikota is a barrier island off the Bay of Bengal coast located in the state of Andhra Pradesh.

  • Groundnut Gujarat
    Coconut Kerala
    Sugarcane UttarPradesh

  • Those who cultivate the land of others is termed as coltivators.

  • Silent Valley is situated in Kerala.

  • Mettur is Dam, generated electricity from hydel power.

  • Mettur Dam is on Cauvery River.

  • Troposphere is the hottest part of the atmosphere because it is heated by the Earth’s surface.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • The outermost layer of the Sun is called Corona.

  • Diu is an island off Gujarat.

  • Aral Sea is a land locked sea.

  • The Aral Sea was an endorheic lake lying between Kazakhstan in the north and Uzbekistan in the south.

  • Shivasamudram Falls is found in the course of river Cauvery.

  • The position of Indian Railways network in the world is fourth.

  • The oldest international airline is Dutch.KLM.

  • KLM Royal Dutch Airlines is the flag carrier airline of the Netherlands.

  • Rihand Dam Project provides irrigation to Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.

  • Rihand Dam also known as Govind Ballabh Pant Sagar. It is on the Rihand River which is the tributary of the Son River.

  • The Headquarters of MCF (Master Control Facility) – the nerve centre of the entire space craft operations in India is at Hassan, Karnataka.

  • Indira Gandhi Canal is the longest irrigation canal in India.

  • Originates at the confluence of the Satluj and Beas rivers in state of Punjab.

  • Thorium is found in Monazite sand.

  • ‘Loktak’ is a Lake.

  • Loktak Lake is the largest freshwater lake in North-east India.

  • Chennai receives the highest cosmic radiation.

  • The common tree species in Nilgiri hills is Eucalyptus.

  • [latex]{1/5}^{st}[/latex] of the Earth’s land surface is desert.

  • The atmospheric air is held to the Earth by gravity.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • The strong earthquake-cum-tsunami which has moved Japan’s main island by a few feet and has caused the Earth’s axis to wobble is expected to lead to the shortening of the day by 1.6 microseconds.

  • The Konkan Railway connects Roha Mangalore.

  • It is operated by Konkan Railway Corpo-ration, headquartered at CBD Belapur in Navi Mumbai.

  • Nellore is called the ‘shrimp capital of India’.

  • River Indus originates from Kailash range.

  • The word’s only floating national park is situated in Manipur.

  • The Keibul Lamjao National Park is a national park in the Bishnupur district of the state of Manipur.

  • The ‘Project Snow Leopard’ to conserve the endangered species, launched by the Union Ministry of Environment and Forests covers the states of Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Arunachal Pradesh and Sikkim.

  • Generally, the soil of the northern plains of India has been formed by aggradation.

  • Desert is the most stable eco-system.

  • Sea breeze is formed during Day Time.

  • 70%, percentage of world’s freshwater is stored as glacial ice.

  • A geostationary satellite revolves round the earth from West to East.

  • The coral reefs are the marine counterparts of Tropical rain forests.

  • Gujarat has the longest coastline.

  • Crops Producing state
    Tea Assam
    Sugarcane Uttar Pradesh
    Groundnut Gujarat
    Apple Himachal Pradesh

  • Tapti river of India does not make delta.

  • The approximate circumference of the Earth is 30000 km.

  • Vishakhapatnam is a major port on the East Coast of India.

  • The adoption of High Yielding Variety Programme in Indian Agriculture started in 1966.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • India joined the international Tsunami Warning System in 2005.

  • Desertification can be checked by Checking overgrazing.

  • Lakes freeze in cold countries in winter, leaving the water underneath at 4 degree C.

  • Brahmaputra river has its source outside India.

  • From its origin in south western Tibet as the Yarlung Tsangpo River, Brahmaputa flows across southern Tibet to break through the Himalayas in great gorges and into Arunachal Pradesh.

  • Major iron and steel industries are located in the plateau of Chota Nagpur.

  • Majuli, the largest river island in the world, lies in the state of Assam.

  • Surat is situated on the banks of the river Tapti.

  • Tummalapalle, where huge reserves of uranium have been found, as announced by the Atomic Energy Commission, lies in the state of Andhra Pradesh.

  • The Tummalapalle Mine is located in Tummalapalle village in YSR district of Andhra Pradesh.

  • Four(4) oil refineries are working in Assam State.

  • Assam’s four oil refineries located in Guwahati, Dig-boi, Golaghat (Numaligarh) and Bongaigaon with a total capacity of 7 million metric tonnes per annum.

  • The total number of biosphere reserves present in India are fifteen.

  • Bihar is the most densely populated state in India.

  • Bihar is most densely populated state of India with 1102 persons per kilometer square.

  • Guwahati is situated on the bank of the river Brahmaputra.

  • Kanchenjunga is situated in Sikkim.

  • Kanchenjunga is the third highest mountain in the world, located along the India-Nepal border in the Himalayas.

  • Bhutan, China And Myanmar have Arunachal Pradesh as a common border.

  • As per studies, the Tummalapaile mine in Andhra Pradesh could have Uranium reserve of 1.5 lakh tonnes.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Green Revolution was started in 1960.

  • The Green Revolution refers to the increase in food production of no-food items that has significantly and steadily taken place in India since 1966.

  • Tsunamis are waves generated by Earthquakes beneath the sea.

  • The zone of Earth’s atmosphere immediately above its surface up to a height of about 16 kms above equator and 8kms over the poles is known as Troposphere.

  • Rajasthan is the largest state of India.

  • The crop mainly grown in hills is sweet potato.

  • Surat is located on the banks of the river Tapti.

  • Ethnic group Mongoloids are found in India in North-eastern region.

  • During the period of South-West monsoon, Tamil Nadu remains dry because it lies in the rain-shadow area.

  • Suitable match

      • Rosewood Deciduous forests
      Bushes Dry Forests
      Birch Alpine forests
      Sundari tree Mangroove forest

  • Land jutting out into the sea is called Peninsula.

  • Peninsula refers to a piece of land jutting into the sea and almost surrounded by the sea.

  • The term ‘Lithosphere’ refers to Crust of the Earth.

  • Earth’s lithosphere includes the crust and the uppermost mantle.

  • The Kullu Valley is situated between the mountain ranges of Dhauladhar and Pir Panjal.

  • Kullu is a broad open valley formed by the Beas River between Manali and Largi.

  • Ganges is the leading sediment transporting river in India.

  • The Ganges Delta, formed mainly by the large, sediment laden flows of the Ganges and Brahmaputra river, is the world’s largest delta, at about 59000Sq.km.

  • Match between cities and business.

      • Tiruchirapalli Heavy Electricals Industry
      Visakhapatnam Ship building
      Avadi Tank Factory
      Chittaranjan Locomotive Works
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • ‘Jhum’ is a type of cultivation.

  • Jhum (Shifting) cultivation is a primitive practice of cultivation in States of North Eastern Hill Region of India and people involved in such cultivation are called Jhumia.

  • The impact of global warming on mangrove forests can be defined as They will grow more luxurious and Their role as carbon sinks will be come more important.

  • A series of lines connecting places having a quake at the same time are called Homoseismal lines.

  • Definition of homoseismal line. Line on the Earth’s surface connecting points where the seismic wave arrives, generated by an earthquake, at the same time.

  • The brightest planet is Venus.

  • The most endangered Asiatic top predator on the edge of extinction is Dhole.

  • Railway coaches are manufactured at Perambur.

  • Durum wheat species are being cultivated in India.

  • Assam shares a border with Bangladesh and Bhutan, West Bengal shares a border with Bhutan and Nepal, Mizoram shares a border with Bangladesh and Myanmar.

  • Fiji is called the ‘Crossroads of the Pacific’.

  • Fiji is an archipelago of more than 330 islands, of which 110 are permanently inhabited, and more than 500 islets.

  • Correctly matched:

      • Longcoy U.S.A.
      Rhine Germany
      Glasgow Great Britain
      Pittsburg U.S.A

  • Coastal States in India are 9.

  • The states which have a sea-line running along their borders are nine viz. Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha and West Bengal.

  • International boundary between India and Pakistan is demarcated by Radcliffe Line.

  • The Radcliffe Line was published on 17 August 1947 as a boundary demarcation line between India and Pakistan upon the Partition of India. It was named after its architect, Sir Cyril Radcliffe, who, as chairman of the Border Commissions, was charged with equitably dividing 175,000 square miles (450,000 km2) of territory with 88 million people. Today its western side still serves as the Indo-Pakistani border and the eastern side serves as the India-Bangladesh border.

  • Kaziranga National Park is situated in Assam.

  • Kaziranga National Park which hosts two-thirds of the world’s great one-horned rhinoceroses, is a World Heritage Site.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • ‘El Nino effect’ is closely associated with Equatorial counter current.

  • El Nino is a climate cycle in the Pacific Ocean with a global impact on weather patterns. The cycle begins when warm water in the western tropical Pacific Ocean shifts eastward along the equator toward the coast of South America. Normally, this warm water pools near Indonesia and the Philippines.

  • Tropic of Cancer - 231/2° N latitude
      • Tropic of Capricorn - 231/2° S latitude International Date line - 180° longitude Antarctic Circle - 661/2° S latitude

  • Palitana Temples are situated Near Bhav Nagar.

  • The Palitana temples of Jainism are located on Shatrunjaya hill by the city of Palitana in Bhavnagar district, Gujarat. The city of the same name, known previously as Padliptapur, has been dubbed “City of Temples”.

  • The tributary of River Indus which flows through Himachal Pradesh is Sutlej.

  • The world’s fastest growing water plant is Water hyacinth.

  • Water hyacinth is a free-floating perennial aquatic plant (or hydrophytes) native to tropical and subtropical South America. With broad, thick, glossy, ovate leaves, water hyacinth may rise above the surface of the water as much as 1 meter in height.

  • River Chambal flows through U.P.M.P., Rajasthan.

  • Chambal originates at Manpura, south of Mhow town, near Indore, on the south slope of the Vindhya Range in Madhya Pradesh. The Chambal and its tributaries drain the Malwa region of north western Madhya Pradesh.

  • An algae type ocean deposit is Diatom Ooze.

  • Diatom ooze (formed from microscopic unicellular algae having cell walls consisting of or resembling silica) is the most widespread deposit in the high southern latitudes.

  • Peninsular India has the Red and yellow type soil.

  • The iron and steel plant in Bihar is at Bokaro.

  • Bokaro Steel Plant (BSP) is located in the Bokaro district of Jharkhand. It is the fourth integrated public sector steel plant in India built with Soviet help. It was incorporated as a limited company in 1964. It was later merged with the state-owned Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL).

  • The most densely populated state in India is West Bengal.

  • The earth is at its maximum distance from the Sun on July 4th.

  • The soil salinity is measured by Conductivity meter.

  • Water and soil salinity are measured by passing an electric current between the two electrodes of a salinity meter in a sample of soil or water. The electrical conductivity or EC of a soil or water sample is influenced by the concentration and composition of dissolved salts.

  • Among Marble, Limestone, Chalk and Slaked lime, odd one is Marble.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • The stability of a pond ecosystem depends on producers and consumers.

  • The main factor which determines balance of nature is environmental conditions.

  • Odd one among Tsunami, Earthquakes, Wind-mills and Cyclones is Windmills.

  • Correctly Matched:

      • Darjeeling West Bengal
      Mount Abu Rajasthan
      Kodaikanal Tamil Nadu
      Simla Himachal Pradesh

  • Tributary Main River
    Chamba Yamuna
    Sone Narmada
    Manas Brahmputra

  • List 1(Forest Type) List 2(Regions)
    Tropical Evergreen West Bengal
    Mansoon Siwaliks
    Temperate Nilgiris
    Mangrove Shillong

  • Stars appear to move from east to west because the earth is rotating from west to east.

  • There is no life on moon because it has no Water.

  • GIS stands for Geographical Information Systems.

  • A geographic information system (GIS) is a computer system for capturing, storing, checking, and displaying data related to positions on Earth’s surface. GIS can show many different kinds of data on one map. This enables people to more easily see, analyze, and understand patterns and relationships.

  • Among Ganga, Yamuna, Sutlej and Ravi, Sutlej is a Trans- Himalayan river.

  • Nagarjunasagar Project is located on the River Krishna.

  • Nagarjuna Sagar Dam was built across the Krishna river at Nagarjuna Sagar where the river is forming boundary between Nalgonda District in Telangana and Guntur district In Andhra Pradesh.

  • Suez Canal joins Red Sea and Mediterranean Sea.

  • The Suez Canal is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez. It was constructed by the Suez Canal Company between 1859 and 1869.

  • Sundarbans in West Bengal is regarded as “World heritage forest”.

  • Magnetic Equator is closely associated with Satellite launching The magnetic equator is defined as the line around the earth where the magnetic field is horizontal, or parallel to the earth’s surface.

  • Lands dependent on rain are rain fed.

  • Dry farming areas (as per the IV five year plan) are those areas receiving an annual rainfall ranging from 375 to 1125 mm and very limited irrigation facilities.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Himalayas mountain systems has the feature of syntaxial bend.

  • Himalayas extend in the east-west direction from the Indus gorge in the west to the Brahmaputra gorge in the east.

  • Palaeontology is the study of Fossils.

  • The planet nearest to the Sun is Mercury.

  • Nino Modoki phenomena is associated with global warming.

  • The first fertiliser plant in India was set up at Sindri.

  • Sindri is an industrial township within the Dhanbad municipal limits of the Dhanbad District of Jharkhand state. Sindri was well known because of a large Fertilizer factory.

  • Russia has the highest natural gas reserves.

  • The largest tiger reserve in India is Nagarjuna.

  • Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve is the largest tiger reserve in India. The reserve spreads over five districts, Nalgonda District, Mahbubnagar district, Kurnool District, Prakasam District and Guntur District.

  • The land between two rivers is called Doab.

  • 1921 is called as the ‘Demographic divide’.

  • India has a high density of population.

  • The population density of India in 2011 was 382 per sq.km. Bihar with 1,106 population persons per sq.km is most thickly populated state followed by West Bengal (1,028) and Kerala (860).

  • The iron and steel plant in Chhattisgarh is at Bhilai.

  • The leading sesame producing country in the world is India.

  • The most literate Union Territory in India is Lakshadweep.

  • Bina Refinery, which was dedicated to the nation in 2011, is located in Madhya Pradesh.

  • The refinery is owned and operated by Bharat Oman Refineries Limited (BORL). BORL is promoted by Bharat Petroleum Corpor-ation Limited (BPCL), one of India’s leading Oil Companies listed as fortune 500 Company, with equity participation of Oman Oil Company.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Chandigarh in India is considered the greenest.

  • Alluvial soils are usually poor in humus, highly fertile and easy to plough.

  • The Temperate grasslands in South America are known as Pampas.

  • Water cycle refers to constant movement of water from ocean to land and back to ocean once again.

  • The boundary between India and Pakistan was demarcated by Sir Cyril Radcliffe.

  • Tel is the tributary of river Mahanadi.

  • Tel is the second largest river of Odisha.

  • Sardar Sarovar Project is built across the river Narmada.

  • It is the largest dam and part of the Narmada Valley Project, a large hydraulic engineering project involving the construction of a series of large irrigation and hydroelectric multi-purpose dams on the Narmada River.

  • Khasi hill tract receives maximum rainfall.

  • Mawsynram is a village in the East Khasi Hills district of Meghalaya. It is reportedly the wettest place on Earth, with an average annual rainfall of 11,872 millimetres.

  • The ‘Sun Temple’ of Konark is in the State of Odisha.

  • Caldera lake is formed by volcanic activities.

  • A caldera is a large cauldron-like depre-ssion that forms following the evacuation of a magma chamber/reservoir. When large volumes of magma are erupted over a short time period, structural support for the crust above the magma chamber is lost. The ground surface then collapses downward into the partially emptied magma chamber, leaving a massive depression at the surface.

  • Central Highlands of Indian peninsular block are formed of Igneous and metamorphic rocks.

  • Forests is a renewable resource.

  • A renewable resource is a resource which can be used repeatedly because it is replaced naturally.

  • In a desert region, soil erosion can be checked by tree plantation/forestation.

  • The air becomes heated by Convection.

  • Convection above a hot surface occurs because hot air expands, becomes less dense, and rises.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Seismograph records intensity of earthquake shock.

  • Ozone layer in the upper parts of the atmosphere serves as a protective shield against harmful solar ultraviolet radiation.

  • Growing more than one crop on a piece of land during the year is known as Multiple cropping.

  • The well through which water comes out through hydraulic pressure is called Artesian well.

  • Chandigarh in India is considered greenest.

  • Green manure is obtained from decomposing green legume plants.

  • The Iduldsi hydroelectric plant is on river Periyar.

  • Guru Shikhar peak is located in Rajasthan.

  • Guru Shikhar, a peak in the Arbuda Mou-ntains of Rajasthan, is the highest point of the Aravalli Range.

  • Plantation of trees on a large scale to check soil erosion are called Afforestation.

  • Afforestation is the establishment of a forest or stand of trees in an area where there was no previous tree cover.

  • The layer of the atmosphere in which Radio Waves are reflected back is called Ionosphere.

  • Porcupine is protected under Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.

  • As they are destructive to gardens and agricultural crops, porcupines are widely hunted. There exists a large trade of these porcupines for consumption and medicinal use. Despite being considered a pest, Indian crested porcupines play an important role in spreading seeds and pollen.

  • The study of population is called Demography.

  • Well preferred tree fossil supposed to be from Jurasic Age in India is reported from Chattisgarh.

  • Rajiv Gandhi International Airport is situated in Hyderabad.

  • Salal is the hydro power project in Jammu and Kashmir.

  • The Sargasso sea is situated in the Atlantic Ocean.

  • The Sargasso Sea is a region of the North Atlantic Ocean bounded by four currents that together form a circulating ocean stream called a gyre.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • “Yosemite” is a Waterfall highest waterfall.

  • Yosemite Falls is the in Yosemite National Park. Located in the Sierra Nevada of California.

  • The shore based steel plant is located in Mangalore.

  • Srinagar and Kanyakumari are connected by the North South corridor.

  • The Tongarlo volcano erupted on November 21, 2012 is in New Zealand.

  • The Daocheng Yading Airport is located in Tibet.

  • The atmospheric layer farthest from the Earth’s surface is known as Exosphere.

  • The temperate grasslands of South America are called Pampas.

  • Contours are the lines which are drawn joining places having equal height from mean sea level.

  • Soil formed by leaching and oxidation is Laterite soil.

  • Bass strait separates Australia and Tasmania.

  • The largest coral reef in the world is found near the coast of Australia.

  • In ‘annular’ pattern, rivers flow like a ring.

  • Ports of the Baltic Sea remain open for trade even during winter because North Atlantic Drift, a warm ocean current flows in the region.

  • The climatic zones are classified on the basis of rainfall.

  • Major South-West Asian oil fields are located in Shore regions of Persian Gulf.

  • Europa, Ganymede and Callisto are Galilean Satellite of Jupiter.

  • The increased incidence of floods in recent times in North India is due to increased deforestation in the catchment area.

  • The angle between the magnetic meridian and the geographical meridian at a place is Declination.

  • Maps on large scale, representing both natural and man-made features are called Topographic maps.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • A narrow strip of land that connects two larger l and masses is called Isthmus.

  • Tiny marine animals which constitute limestone skeletons are called Coral reefs.

  • Narmada river in India flows in a rift-valley.

  • Apatanis are the major tribal group of Arunachal Pradesh.

  • The Apatani, also known by Apa and Apa Tani, are a tribal group of people living in the Ziro valley in the Lower Subansiri district of Arunachal Pradesh.

  • Place Location
    Trafalgar Square London
    Red Square Moscow
    Tiananmen Square Beijing
    Tahrir Square Egypt

  • The capacity of rock to allow water to pass through is called Permeability.

  • The region best known for the production of grapes is Mediterranean.

  • The term ‘ecology’ was coined by Haeckel.

  • Gulf of Mannar, Nilgiris and Sunderbans are Biosphere Reserves.

  • Biosphere reserves are areas of terrestrial and coastal ecosystems which promote the conservation of biodiversity with its sustainable use. They are internationally recognized within the framework of UNESCO’s Man and Biosphere (MAB) programme and nominated by national governments.

  • Coral Sea is located in the North-Eastern part of Australia.

  • Minnesota (USA) is called the Land of Ten Thousand Lakes.

  • Minnesota is a state in the Midwestern and northern regions of the United States has a large number of lakes, and is known by the slogan “Land of 10,000 Lakes”.

  • Hygrometer is used for measuring the relative humidity.

  • Lake formed in a cut off river, meander is called Ox-Bow Lake.

  • The rapidly growing mass of phytoplankton covering the surface water of a lake or pond is known as Eutrophication.

  • Eutrophication encourages the growth of algae (algal bloom) and other aquatic plants. Following this, overcrowding occurs and plants compete for sunlight, space and oxygen.

  • Contour line is the imaginary line joining places of equal Elevation.

  • Sandstone is metamorphosed to Quartzite.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • McMahon Line, Radcliffe Line and Durand Line are lines of demarcation between two countries.

  • Meghalaya occupies the same ranking position in respect of area and population.

  • Gujarat is the leading state in India in “Ship Breaking” industry.

  • The eastward continuation of the Brazil current is called South Atlantic drift.

  • The natural disaster in which carbon-di-oxide suddenly erupts from a deep lake water is known as Liminic.

  • A limnic eruption, also referred to as a lake over-turn, is a rare type of natural disaster in which dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2) suddenly erupts from deep lake waters, forming a gas cloud that can suffocate wildlife, livestock and humans.

  • Todas are found in Tamil Nadu.

  • The Toda people are a small pastoral tribal community who live on the isolated Nilgiri plateau.

  • Horn bill is an endemic species.

  • Ice glacier’s melting is a common phenomenon linked to the rise in seawater level. The glaciers are predominantly present in Antarctica.

  • Baba Amte is known for establishing the “Anand Van”.

  • It was founded in 1952 by noted social activist Baba Amte. The project is run by the organisation Maharogi Seva Samiti. Two of its other projects are Lok Biradari Prakalp and Somnath, a village for cured leprosy patients.

  • Human Environment Conference, 1972 was held at Stockholm.

  • Pachmarhi hill station is called as the ‘Queen of the Satpuras’.

  • NH2 connects Delhi and Kolkata via Mathura and Varanasi.

  • The country where drip irrigation is more efficiently used is Israel.

  • Drip irrigation is a form of irrigation that saves water and fertilizer by allowing water to drip slowly to the roots of many different plants, either onto the soil surface or directly onto the root zone, through a network of valves, pipes, tubing, and emitters.

  • Blue sheep is an endangered species.

  • Man-made disaster, which is socially induced is Arson.

  • Arson is the crime of intentionally, deliberately and maliciously setting fire to buildings, wild land areas, dumpsters, vehicles or other property with the intent to cause damage.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Virtually treeless, sparse vegetation is found in Tundra.

  • Soil factors are otherwise known as Edaphic factors.

  • Obsidian, Andesite, Gabbro and Perodite are Extrusive rocks.

  • The current spell of cold wave in the US has been a fall out of the polar vortex.

  • The polar vortex is a large area of low pressure and cold air surrounding both of the Earth’s poles. It always exists near the poles, but weakens in summer and strengthens in winter.

  • National Highway No.1 is called Shershah Suri Marg.

  • Potato was introduced to Europe by Spanish.

  • Metamorphism changes rocks structure and texture.

  • Metamorphism is the change of minerals or geologic texture in pre-existing rocks without the protolith melting into liquid magma (a solid-state change). The change occurs primarily due to heat, pressure, and the introduction of chemically active fluids.

  • The Oilseeds Production Programme (OPP) was launched in 1986.
  • The Technology Mission on Oilseeds was launched by the Central Government in 1986 to increase the production of oilseeds to reduce import and achieve self-sufficiency in edible oils. Subsequently, pulses, oil palm and maize were also brought within the perview of the Mission in 1990-91, 1992 and 1995-96 respectively.

  • The region famous for many kinds of wine and champagne is Mediterranean.

  • Slash and burn agriculture is known as ‘Milpa’ in Mexico and Central America.

  • The Ministry sometimes referred to as “Green Ministry” in India is Ministry of Environment and Forests.

  • Ama Jangal Yojna (my forest scheme) a bid to enhance forest cover in the State was launched in Odisha.

  • The AJY (my forest project) scheme focuses on forest restoration, promotion of sustainable management of forest by strengthening participatory forest management and improvement of livelihood of forest dependent communities.

  • Food crops comprise Foodgrains, Pulses, Edible oilseeds.

  • Arkose is a Sedimentary Rock.

  • Arkose is a sedimentary rock, specifically a type of sandstone containing at least 25% fieldspare.

  • Wildlife Protection Act was implemented in India in 1972.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Highly specialized form of agriculture in which crops like coffee, tea and rubber are cultivated refer to plantation agriculture.

  • In India, there are many coal fields found in Damodar Valley.

  • The Biodiversity Authority, The Coastal Zone Management Authority and Authority set-up to monitor the State of Notified Ecologically Sensitive Areas, dealt under Section 3(3) of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.

  • Telangana State is the bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh.

  • The planet which has the highest surface temperature is Venus.

  • Atmospheric temperature increasing at the higher altitudes is called Inversion.

  • Eutrophication of a water body enhances organic matter production and biological oxygen demand.

  • Jaisamand, Ganga river and Chilika lake water bodies are freshwater resource.

  • Freshwater resources are bodies of still, unsalted water surrounded by land. They are usually found in low lying areas and are fed from streams, rivers and runoff from the surrounding area.

  • Largest producer of Bauxite in the world is Australia.

  • The two richest Eco-zones of India are the Himalayas and Western Ghats.

  • Species which has restricted distribution is called Endemic.

  • Endemism is the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation, country or other defined zone, or habitat type; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere.

  • Red Data Book contains rare plants and animals under threat.

  • The Red Data Book is the state document established for documenting rare and endangered species of animals, plants and fungi as well as some local sub-species that exist within the territory of the state or country. This book provides central information for studies and monitoring programmes on rare and endangered species and their habits.

  • Hydraulic Action is a type of erosion caused by running water.

  • Cretaceous is the newest geological era.

  • The Cretaceous Period was the last and longest segment of the Mesozoic Era.

  • The colours of stars depend on their temperature.

  • One of the best solutions to get rid of non-biodegradable wastes is recycling.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Sunda Trench is in Indian Ocean.

  • Coal is an organic rock.

  • Farming along with animal husbandry is called mixed agriculture.

  • The plant from which cocoa and chocolate are obtained is a shrub.

  • Among Basalt, Ruby, Emerald and Sapphire, Basalt is the odd item.

  • Vermicomposting is done by worms.

  • Vermicompost is the product of the composting process using various species of worms, usually red wigglers, white worms, and other earthworms, to create a heterogeneous mixture of decomposing vegetable or food waste.

  • India exports power to Bangladesh.

  • Madhya Pradesh is the largest producer of pulses in India.

  • The mountain formed on the earth crust due to tension is called Block mountain.

  • Block Mountains are formed by the movement of large crustal blocks when forces in the Earth’s crust pull it apart. Some parts of the Earth are pushed upward and others collapse down . In ‘Biodiversity, many types of flora & fauna is found in one forest.

  • Hindustan Zinc Ltd is headquartered in Udaipur.

  • Hindustan Zinc Limited (HZL) is an integrated mining and resources producer of zinc, lead, silver and cadmium. It is a subsidiary of Vedanta Resources PLC.

  • Leaving agricultural land uncultivated for some years known as Fallowing.

  • Fallow is the stage of crop rotation in which the land is deliberately not used to raise a crop. Ground may be fallowed as part of a larger crop rotation plan or as a method to conserve moisture as in the summer fallow technique used in dry land farming.

  • To conserve coral reefs, the Government of India declared Gulf of Kutch as Marine Park.

  • Gujarat is the leading cotton producer in India.

  • Laterite soil is the most infertile soil among Black cotton soil, Alluvial soil, Laterite soil and Peaty soil.

  • Laterite soil is rich in iron and aluminium, and is commonly considered to have formed in hot and wet tropical areas. Nearly all laterites are of rustyred coloration, because of high iron oxide content.

  • High temperature is responsible for lack of vegetation in the deserts.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Correctly matched:

      • Khadar Azonal soil
      Podzo Zonal soil
      Chestnut Zonal soil
      Bhangar Azonal soil

  • Direction of Sirocco storm is Sahara to Mediter-ranean Sea.

  • It arises from a warm, dry, tropical air mass that is pulled northward by low-pressure cells moving eastward across the Mediterranean Sea, with the wind originating in the Arabian or Sahara deserts.

  • Moisture is an abiotic factor.

  • Solar eclipse occurs when the Moon comes between the Sun and the Earth.

  • A solar eclipse can only take place at the phase of new moon, when the moon passes directly between the sun and Earth and its shadows fall upon Earth’s surface.

  • A spinning neutron star is known as Pulsar.

  • A pulsar is a highly magnetized, rotating neutron star or white dwarf that emits a beam of electromagnetic radiation.

  • Light year is a unit of Distance.

  • Marble is the odd item among Shale, Marble, Limestone and Sandstone.

  • Marble is a metamorphic rock while others are sedimentary rocks.

  • In our country the ‘Van Mahotsav Day’ is observed on 1st July.

  • Van Mahotsav was started in 1950 by K.M.Munshi, the then Union Minster for Agriculture and Food to create enthusiasm among masses for forest conservation and planting trees.

  • The Hutti Gold mines are located in the State of Karnataka.

  • Ganga river serves the largest cultivable area.

  • Harmattan blows in Sahara desert from.

  • The forest in Silent Valley of Kerala is an example of tropical rainforest.

  • The loss of water in the form of water droplets is called Guttation.

  • Guttation is the exudation of drops of xylem sap on the tips or edges of leaves of some vascular plants.

  • Titicaca lake is called ‘Honeymoon Lake’.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Lake Titicaca is a large, deep lake in the Andes on the border of Peru and Bolivia. By volume of water and by surface area, it is the largest lake in South America.

  • The busiest ocean from the point of view of trade is Atlantic Ocean.

  • The biggest delta in the world is the Ganges Delta.

  • Annaimudi peak is located in the Sahyadri.

  • It is the highest peak in the Western Ghats and South India, at an elevation of 2,695 metres.

  • Commercially important cotton fibres are epidermal hairs of seeds.

  • The South-East trade winds are attracted towards the Indian subcontinent in the rainy season due to the presence of low atmospheric pressure over North-West India.

  • The ‘graded profile’ of a river course is a smooth curve from source to mouth.

  • Sink hole is a phenomenon of Karst topography.

  • Karst topography is a landscape formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks such as limestone, dolomite, and gypsum. It is characterized by underground drainage systems with sinkholes and caves.

  • Brahmaputra river does not originate in Indian territory.

  • Originates from the Angsi glacier, located on the northern side of the Himalayas in Burang County of Tibet as the Yarlung Tsangpo River.

  • Darjeeling hill station’s name means a place of the thunderbolt.

  • Rain water harvesting:
      • i. It is a device of water conservation ii. It helps raising water table iii. It helps meet rising water demand

  • The ship building yard-Mazgaon Dock is located at Mumbai.

  • Kerala is famous for the cultivation of Coconut, Black-pepper and Rubber.

  • The longest continental Railway in the world is Trans Siberian.

  • In the grass lands, trees do not replace the grasses as a part of an ecological succession because of water limits and fire.

  • The Mediterranean region are characterized by heavy rain in winter.

  • Earthquakes are caused by Tectonism.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Tectonism is a geological term used to describe major structural features and the processes that create them, including compres-sional or tensional movements on a planetary surface that produce faults, mountains, ridges, or scarps.

  • The earth completes one rotation on its axis in 23 hrs. 56 min. 4.9 sec.

  • Spring tides occur on full moon day as well as on new moon day.

  • Correct sequence of ecosystem in the order of decreasing productivity is Mangroves, grasslands, lakes, oceans.

  • Arsenic, Fluoride and Uranium can be found as pollutants in the drinking water in some parts of India.

  • Siva Samudram in Karnataka was the first hydel power project in India.

  • The Environment (Protection) Bill was passed by the Parliament of India in 1986.

  • An Act to provide for the protection and improvement of environment and for matters connected there with.

  • In mountainous areas a natural cause for road blocks is often land slides.

  • A landslide is the movement of rock, debris or earth down a slope. They result from the failure of the materials which make up the hill slope and are driven by the force of gravity. Landslides are known also as landslips, slumps or slope failure.

  • Reh refers to the white salt which covers the in some areas during dry season.

  • Biodiversity is also known as Ecosystem diversity.

  • Biodiversity is the variability among living organisms from all sources, including terrestrial, marine, and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species, and of ecosystems.

  • Rotation of crops is essential for increasing fertility of the soil.

  • Addition of excessive amounts of heat to a lake is referred to as thermal pollution.

  • One of the regions that receives rainfall from the North-Easterly monsoon is Tamil Nadu.

  • Ecosystem consists of a biotic community and its non-living elements.

  • Match the following:

      • Crops First in the world
      Rice China
      Maize USA
      Rubber Malaysia
      Sugarcane Brazil

  • Switzerland has the longest overland tunnel.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • The remedies to soil erosion are contour bunding and regulation of land use.

  • Contour bunding is a proven sustainable land management practice for marginal, sloping, and hilly land where the soil productivity is very low.

  • Meanders are the features formed by rivers.

  • The meanders or meandering rivers are the low slope rivers which are not choked with the sediment and move back and forth in a zigzag order of loops. The meander has thus a serpentine path and it helps in accommodating in extra volume of water.

  • If 20% or more area of the country suffers from rain deficits during monsoon season, it is termed as drought year.

  • Uneven distribution of Insolation on the earth is mainly due to the spherical shape of the earth.

  • Rajasthan canal receives water from Sutlej.

  • The Indira Gandhi Canal is one of the largest canal projects in India. It starts from the Harike Barrage at Harike, a few kilometres below the confluence of the Satluj and Beas rivers in the Indian state of Punjab and terminates in irrigation facilities in the Thar Desert in the north west of Rajasthan state. Previously known as the Rajasthan Canal.

  • The land which is not cultivated every year though it is suitable for cultivation is Cultivable waste land.

  • Palk Strait is situated between India and SriLanka.

  • Birmingham in U.K. is famous for Iron and Steel industry.

  • Aircrafts Building industries is at Koraput.

  • l Correct pairs
      • i. Green Revolution – Agricultural Development ii. White Revolution – Dairy Development iii. Blue Revolution – Development of Fisheries iv. Operation Flood – Dairy Development

  • Karnataka and Tamil Nadu are involved with Cauvery River dispute.

  • The Earth is having its own atmosphere because of Gravity.

  • A level of atmosphere which is composed partly of electrons and positive ions is called Ionosphere.

  • The smallest island country in the Indian Ocean is Maldives.

  • The Himalayas are also by the name fold mountains.

  • The amount of insolation received at a place on the earth surface depends upon its latitude.

  • Alluvial soil are rich soil for crop cultivation but are poor in nitrogen and humus.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Mizoram has the highest literacy rate among the states of Goa, Karnataka, Mizoram and Himachal Pradesh.

  • Panch Mahal is known as the “Dream in Stones”.

  • Mojave desert has the highest gold deposits.

  • Narmada River originates from the Amarkantak plateau.

  • The position of the Earth when it is at the greatest distance from the sun is Aphelion.

  • Western disturbances blows from the Mediterranean sea to the North Western parts of India.

  • The popular name of Monolithic rock shrines at Mahabalipuram is Rathas.

  • Layer of the earth’s atmosphere which contains the ozone layer is Stratosphere.

  • Rann Of Kutch of India is famous for tidal and flats.

  • Azolla increases soil fertility for rice cultivation.

  • Great Barrier Reef is located in the Pacific Ocean.

  • Western disturbances causes rainfall during winters in the north-western part of India.

  • Kerala has the lowest birth rate in India among Uttar Pradesh, Kerala, Bihar and West Bengal.

  • The outermost range of Himalays is called Shiwaliks.

  • The atomic power station in Rajasthan is situated at Rawatbhata.

  • Geothermal energy is maximum utilised in Iceland.

  • Continuous chain of mountains that rise abruptly more or less parallel to the coastline of India is Western Ghats.

  • The biggest reserve of thorium are in India.

  • The transfer of minerals from top soil to subsoil through soil-water is called Leaching.

  • India shares longest international boundary with Bangladesh.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Tsangpo is the other name in Tibet for Brahmaputra.

  • The largest herbarium of India is located at Kolkata.

  • Himachal Pradesh has become India’s first carbon free State.

  • At Barren Island, the only active volcano in India is situated in Nicobar Islands.

  • The Kovvada Nuclear Park project is proposed to be setup in Andhra Pradesh.

  • The minimum short-term natural hazard is bolt of lightning.

  • Molten rock below the surface of the earth is called Magma.

  • The World’s largest island is Greenland.

  • Sea water is saltier than rain water because rivers wash away salts from earth and pour them into the sea.

  • Rio Summit is associated with Convention on Biological Diversity.

  • Sariska and Ranthambore are the reserves for Tiger.

  • The famous Dilwara temples of Mount Abu are a sacred pilgrimage place for the Jains.

  • The Himalayas is the example of Fold mountains.

  • Even after sunset, the air near the Earth’s surface continue to receive heat due to terrestrial Radiation.

  • A landscape which is caused due to the fissure in the earth along which one side has moved down with reference to the other is known as rift Valley.

  • Coimbatore is said to be the Manchester of South India.

  • The beach sands of Kerala are rich in Thorium.

  • India’s first Railway University will come up at Vadodara, Gujarat.

  • The largest irrigation canal in India is Indira Gandhi canal.

  • One of the leading producers of asbestos in the world is Russia.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • The sideways erosion which widens the river valley is called Lateral Corrosion.

  • Summer rains in Australia broadly decreases from north to south.

  • The sink hole is phenomenon of Karst.

  • Coimbatore is known as the Manchester of South India.

  • Indira Gandhi Canal is the largest irrigation plant in India.

  • The soil of Kerala is rich in Alluvial soil.

  • Asbestos is found maximum in Russia.

  • Sun temple is situated in Odisha.

  • The civilian airport of highest altitude is in Tibet.

  • The purest form of water in nature is rain water.

  • The source of energy that causes the least global warming is geothermal energy.

  • The constellation ‘Sapta Rishi’ is known to Westerners as the Big Dipper.

  • Western Ghats in India is now regarded as an “Ecological Hot Spot”.

  • Norman Borlaug is known as the ‘Father of Green Revolution’ in India.

  • First national park of India that was established in 1936 was named as Hailey National Park.

  • When Granite rocks get metamorphosed, they form Gneiss.

  • Kyoto Protocol is associated with Climate change.

  • 'Green House Effect’ means trapping of solar energy due to atmospheric gases.

  • Natural gas is a commercial source of energy.

  • In Kochi, India’s first water metro project was recently launches.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Ganga – Brahmaputra Valley region is most prone to earthquakes.

  • India-Pakistan border is known as Redcliff line.

  • Black soil is also known as Regur soil.

  • The large collection of stars, dust and gas held together by gravitational attraction between components is known as Galaxy.

  • Thermal electricity is generated by using Coal, Natural Gas and Petroleum.

  • The driest location on Earth is in Chile.

  • Hygrometer is used for measuring humidity of atmosphere.

  • NTPC is a Central Public Sector Enterprise in Power.

  • Bauxite is used as raw material by Aluminium.

  • Global warming is expected to result in increase in sea level, change in crop pattern and change in coastal line.

  • Brahmaputra, Indus & Sutlej rivers have their source of origin in Tibet.

  • The most ideal region for the cultivation of cotton in India is the Deccan Plateau.

  • A wide inlet of the sea usually concave in shape, is termed as a bay.

  • Stars twinkle but planet do not twinkle because they are nearer to the earth and hence we receive a greater amount of light and therefore minor variations in intensity are not noticeable.

  • Silk worms feed on mulberry tree.

  • Punjab has a large number of inundation canals drawing water from Sutlej river.

  • Sri Lanka is separated from India by a narrow channel of sea formed by the Palk Strait and Gulf of Mannar.

  • The Western and Eastern Ghats meet in the Nilgiri hills.

  • The natural habitat of rhinoceros in India is Khaziranga.

  • Ozone saves the biosphere by absorbing high energy radiations called ultraviolet rays (UV).
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • The most productive ecosystem in the biosphere among desert, open ocean, estuary and tundra is estuary.

  • The tree species most commonly used in social forestry is eucalyptus.

  • The range that acts as watershed between India and Turkistan is Karakoram.

  • The transfer of minerals from top soil to subsoil through soil-water is called leaching.

  • India shares longest international boundary with Bangladesh.

  • Bangladesh and India share a 4,096-kilometer (2,545-mile) long international border, the fifth-longest land border in the world.

  • Tsangpo is the other name in Tibet for Brahmaputra.

  • The largest herbarium of India is located at Kolkata.

  • At Barren Island, the only active volcano in India is situated in Nicobar Islands.

  • Barren Island is an island located in the Andaman Sea. It is the only confirmed active volcano in South Asia, and the only active volcano along a chain of volcanoes from Sumatra to Myanmar.

  • The Kovvada Nuclear Park project is proposed to be setup in Andhra Pradesh.

  • Rainfall caused by intense evaporation in equatorial areas is called convectional rainfall.

  • Convection occurs when the Earth’s surface, within a conditionally unstable or moist atmosphere, becomes heated more than its surroundings, leading to significant evaporation. Convective rain, or showery precipitation, occurs from convective clouds, e.g., cumulonimbus or cumulus congestus.

  • Ultraviolet radiation in the stratosphere is absorbed by Ozone.

  • The longest sea beach in India is marine beach.

  • The Marina is a natural urban sandy beach along the Coramandel coast on the Bay of Bengal. Primarily sandy, the beach spans about 13 km.

  • Damodar Valley is most rich in coal deposits.

  • Nandadevi peak is located in Uttarakhand.

  • Nanda Devi is the second highest mountain in India, and the highest located entirely within the country. It is the 23rd-highest peak in the world.

  • The gentle ‘seaward sloping’ surface from the coast is called continent shelf.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • The country which top in the production of cocoa is Ghana.

  • Eris is a dwarf planet.

  • Solar Energy, Wind Energy and Tidal Power is called the conventional source of energy.

  • The Andaman is separated from Nicobar by 10 degree Chanel.

  • Kolkata is also known as ‘City of Palaces’.

  • The Ghatampur thermal power plant recently approved by the cabinet is to be setup in Uttar Pradesh.

  • Ghatampur Thermal Power Station is an upcoming coal-based thermal power plant located in Ghatampur in Kanpur district, Uttar Pradesh. The power plant is owned by the Neyveli Uttar Pradesh Power Limited a joint venture between Neyveli Lignite Corporation (51%) and Uttar Pradesh Rajya Vidyut Utpadan Nigam (49%).

  • The layer where the decrease in temperature with increasing altitude is totally absent is Stratosphere.

  • The term “Doab” means a land between two rivers.

  • Japan is called the ‘Land of the rising sun’ because Japan being the Eastern most country in the world, it has the earliest sunrise.

  • ‘Density of Population’ means number of persons live per square kilometer.

  • The 'Narmada Water Dispute Tribunal’ was constituted to resolve the water sharing between Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh.

  • The Indian National Rail Museum is situated in Delhi.

  • The most important raw material for generation of power in India is coal.

  • Harvesting season of Kharif crop in India is September-October.

  • A broad, low embankment built up along the banks of a river channel during flood is called levee.

  • The tides in the sea are primarily due to the gravitational effect of the moon on the earth.

  • Valley deepening takes place during the youthful stage of a river.

  • The impact of Green Revolution was felt most in the case of wheat.

  • Highest percentage of carbon is found in Anthracite form of coal.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Anthracite coal is the hottest burning fuel in comparison to the most common ones in use. Due to its low sulphur content, Anthracite coal produces virtually no smoke or particulate emissions.

  • Ring of Fire is found commonly in Pacific Ocean.

  • The region which is a water divide between the Ganga and Indus river systems is Ambala.

  • ‘Agronomy’ is the practice of raising Plants and Animals.

  • The most abundant element in the earth atmosphere is nitrogen.

  • The atmosphere is composed of 78% nitrogen and 21%oxygen, with small amounts of other gases. The bulk composition of the earth by weight is mostly, iron, oxygen, silicon and magnesium, in that order, with all the other elements making up only about 5% of the earth’s weight.

  • Winds blowing constantly in one direction in rocky deserts from yardangs.

  • The name of the deadly volcano in Indonesia that erupted again in May 2016 is Mount Singabung.

  • A stretch of sea water, partly or fully separated by a narrow strip from the main sea is called lagoon.

  • The world’s largest and deepest rail tunnel Gotthard Base Tunnel is located in Switzerland.

  • The Wheeler Island has been renamed as Abdul Kalam Island.

  • Bhakra Nangal Project is constructed across Sutlej River.

  • The longest railway line in the world connects Leningrad and Vladivostok.

  • The Daily Weather Map of India is prepared and printed at Pune.

  • On date India likely to experience the shortest day is December 22.

  • Precipitation in the form of a mixture of rain and snow is called sleet.

  • Least likely to be an effect of global warming is decreased rate of photosynthesis in vegetation.

  • State which has the lowest literacy rate is Bihar.

  • The northern part of the west coast in India is known as Konkan coast.

  • The sanctuary in India is famous for rhinoceros is Kaziranga, located in the state of Assam.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Three crops that contribute maximum to global food grain production are wheat, rice and maize.

  • Golden Quadrilateral Project for the development of National Highway was initiated by Atal Bihari Vajpayee.

  • The Golden Quadrilateral is a highway network connecting many of the major industrial, agricultural and cultural centres of India. A quadrilateral of sorts is formed by connecting Chennai, Kolkata, Delhi and Mumbai, and hence its name.

  • Source that has the largest share in power generation in India is Thermal Power.

  • In a rainforest, the vegetation that grows under the shade of a canopy is known as understory.

  • “Great Barrier Reef”, the world’s largest coral reef is located in Australia.

  • The Great Barrier Reef, off the coast of Queensland in north eastern Australia, is the largest living thing on Earth, and even visible from outer space. The 2,300km long ecosystem comprises thousands of reefs and hundreds of islands made of over 600 types of hard and soft coral.

  • The first protocol to ban the emission of chlorofluorocarbons in the atmosphere was made in Montreal.

  • The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer) is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion.

  • The busiest international sea port in India is Mumbai.

  • A City of Iraq located on Tigris River is Baghdad.

  • The word Tigris is based on an “Old Persian” word Tigra which means “fast” or “arrow-like".

  • The land forms formed by wave erosion is cave.

  • A drainage pattern where a river is joined by its tributaries approximately at right angles is trellis.

  • In geomorphology, drainage systems, also known as river systems, are the patterns formed by the streams, rivers, and lakes in a particular drainage basin. They are governed by the topography of the land, whether a particular region is dominated by hard or soft rocks, and the gradient of the land.

  • The core of the earth is also known as barysphere.

  • The polar region are sparsely populated because of unsuitable climate condition.

  • Algal bloom results from eutrophication.

  • Eutrophication is the enrichment of a water body with nutrients, usually with an excess amount of nutrients. This process induces growth of plants and algae and due to the biomass load, may result in oxygen depletion of the water body.

  • Correct pairs

      • Hygrometer of the Water vapour content atmosphere
      Lactometer Milk testing equipment
      Anemometer Speed of the wind
      Seismograph Earthquakes
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Growing agricultural crops between rows and of planted trees is known as taungya system.

  • The taungya is a system whereby villagers and sometimes forest plantation workers are given the right to cultivate agricultural crops during the early stages of forest plantation establishment.

  • Cultivation is often allowed to continue until trees shade crops due to canopy closure.

  • In deciduous forest, trees shed their leaves in a particular season.

  • Purpose for building Farakka Barrage Checking water floating into Bangladesh Checking silting of Kolkata Port Preventing erosion of Kolkata Port.

  • River in the Southern Peninsula has the second largest river basin in India is Godavari.
  • Name of the longest lake in India is Vembanad Lake.

  • Red Data Book provide an account of endangered plants and animals.

  • The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data List), founded in 1964, is the world’s most comprehensive inventory of the global conser-vation status of biological species. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is the world’s main authority on the conservation status of species.

  • Suez Canal connects Red Sea and Mediterranean Sea.

  • Equinox occurs when the sun is vertically above equator.

  • Among the world oceans, Arctic Ocean is having the widest continental shelf.

  • Temperature is indicated by the colour of a star General Geography.

  • Red soil is normally found in India in Eastern & Southern part of the Deccan Plateau.

  • Anthracite is the highest quality of hard coal.

  • The movement in the earth’s crust is studied by Seismology.

  • The Chipko slogan ‘Ecology is Permanent Economy’ was coined by Sunderlal Bahuguna.

  • State which has the longest coast line is Gujarat.

  • Chandigarh is not located in the Golden Quadrilateral Road Network.

  • First Indian state to go wholly organic is Sikkim.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Solar eclipse takes place when the moon is between the sun and earth.

  • Mount Abu is a hill station located in Aravalli ranges.

  • The only perennial river in Peninsular India is Kaveri.

  • Strait of Gibraltar connects Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea.

  • The largest solar power plant in India is located at Madhapur.

  • Lines joining places of equal rainfall are called isohyets.

  • Ozone protects biosphere from ultraviolet rays General Geography.

  • Bandhavgarh National Park is located in the state of Madhya Pradesh.

  • Nainital is called the ‘Lake District of India’.

  • Taxes belongs to Central Government are Excise duty, Custom duty and Income tax.

  • Area of India covered by tropical evergreen forest is Western Ghats.

  • Tehri dam has been built on the Bhagirathi river.

  • India has the longest international boundary with Bangladesh.

  • State in India that has the largest coastline is Gujarat.

  • Gujarat forms the longest coastline of all Indian states. The total length of coastline of Gujarat is 1214.7 Km. Some of the important ports of Gujarat are – Alang, Kandla, Mandavi, Okha, Porbandar, Veraval, Jafarabad, Pipavav, Bhavnagar, Dahej, Magadalla, Hazira, Mandvi (Surat), Mundra and Maroli.

  • Jog falls in Karnataka is located over Sarawati river.

  • The Sun shine vertically on the equator twice a year.

  • Tsunami is the name given to tidal waves.

  • Nimbostratus and cumulonimbus are rain clouds.

  • Cities in an order from North to South Bhubaneshwar, Hyderabad, Chennai, Cochin.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Granite, Basalt and Gabbro are Igneous Rocks.

  • The outermost layer of sun is called Chromosphere.

  • Science dealing with study of soil is called Pedology.

  • The deepest trench of the Indian Ocean is Java trench.

  • Myanmar is called the ‘Land of the Golden Pagoda’.

  • The west coast of India received more rainfall from southwest monsoon than the east coast because the Western ghats obstruct the winds causing rainfall.

  • The plateau that has both west and east flowing drainage system is Malwa.

  • Thermosphere is the warmest layer of the atmosphere.

  • Intensive cultivation refers to raising production by intensive use of existing land.

  • The Siachen glacier’s melting waters are the main source of the river Nubra.

  • The mountain range that divide North and South India is Vindhyas.

  • Dampa Tiger Reserve is situated in Mizoram.

  • The state which produces largest number of orchids in India is Sikkim.

  • Sunderbans, Nandadevi and Gulf of Mannar, bio reserves are included in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves.

  • The study of mountains is known as Orology.

  • Salination of soil is caused by excess irrigation.

  • State that is surrounded by Bangladesh from three sides is Tripura.

  • The rock that results from solidification of molten lava from a volcano is an example of Igneous rock.

  • The country whose 40 percent of area is below sea level at high tide is The Netherlands.

  • In India, the Temperate Forest Research Centre is in Shimla.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Bonsai is cultivation of trees, in dwarf form.

  • Suez Canal is located in Egypt.

  • Chlorofluoro carbon, green house gases has the greatest heat-trapping ability.

  • State of India leading in solar energy generation is Rajasthan.

  • Ganga is a result of confluence of rivers Bhagirathi and Alakananda at Dev Prayag.

  • River basin shared by more than 10 States of India is Ganges.

  • The uppermost layer of the atmosphere is Exosphere.

  • The most abundant metal in the Earth’s crust is aluminium.

  • Firewood is not a commercial source of energy.

  • The largest producer of Lac in India is Jharkhand.

  • A tropical deciduous plant special to the Deccan plateau is Sandalwood.

  • Mountain and their related continent.

      • Mountain Continent
      Mount Etna Europe
      Mount K2 Asia
      Mount Kilimanjaro Africa

  • Ural mountain range separates Europe and Asia.

  • The Ural Mountains extend about 2,500 km from the Kara Sea to the Kazakh Steppe along the northern border of Kazakhstan. Its highest peak is Mount Narodnaya, approximately 1,895 m in elevation.

  • Suez Canal connects Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea.

  • The Suez Canal is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt. Constructed by the Suez Canal Company between 1859 and 1869, it was officially opened on November 17, 1869.

  • The Indian states Jammu and Kashmir, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar share International land border.

  • The world’s second largest beach is located in Chennai.

  • Praia do Cassino Beach: At over 150 miles in length, this is the longest beach in the entire world. Brazil’s beaches are known for their white sand, warm temperatures and welcoming locals.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • The inexhaustible source of energy of stars is due to conversion of hydrogen to helium.

  • CFL lamp is primarily the cause of lead pollution.

  • The main aim of Montreal Protocol was protection of Ozone layer.

  • Montreal Protocol was agreed on 16 September 1987, and entered into force on 1 January 1989, followed by a first meeting in Helsinki, May 1989. Since then, it has undergone eight revisions.

  • Supersonic jets cause thinning of O3 layer.

  • Deltaic region of Mahanadi River is suitable for well irrigation.

  • Rotational axis of Uranus is highly tilted.

  • Near coastal areas, temperature on land in day time gets reduced due to sea breeze.

  • Washington D.C. is located on the banks of river Potomac.

  • The difference of time between any two consecutive longitudes is 4 minutes.

  • The approximate height of any geostationary satellite from earth’s surface is 36000 km.

  • Four (4) ecological hotspots are present in India.

  • India hosts 4 biodiversity hotspots: the Western Ghats, the Himalayas, the Indo-Burma region and the Sundaland [Includes Nicobar group of Islands]. These hotspots have numerous endemic species.

  • The Narmada River flows westwards and falls into Arabian Sea.

  • Tapti is another River which flows westwards and falls into Arabian Sea.

  • The imaginary lines encircling the earth horizontally are called latitudes.

  • All three latitudes i.e. equator, tropic of cancer and tropic of Capricorn pass through Africa.

  • Nagpur is also known as ‘zero-mile centre’ of India.

  • Zero Mile Stone is a monument locating the geographical centre of colonial India in the city of Nagpur, Maharashtra. The Zero Mile Stone was erected by the British who used this point to measure all the distances.

  • National Parks and their related animals.

      • National Park Animal
      Kanha Tiger
      Kaziranga Rhinoceros
      Gir Lion
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Carbon dioxide is considered to be a pollutant.

  • An air pollutant is a substance in the air that can have adverse effects on humans and the ecosystem. The substance can be solid particles, liquid droplets, or gases. A pollutant can be of natural origin or man-made.

  • Longitude/latitude and their related names.

      • Longitude/Latitude Name
      [latex]{0}^{0}[/latex] Longitude Prime Meridian
      [latex]{0}^{0}[/latex] Latitude Equator
      [latex]{23.5}^{0}[/latex] North Tropic of Cancer
      [latex]{23.5}^{0}[/latex] South Tropic of Capricorn
      [latex]{66.5}^{0}[/latex] North Arctic Circle
      [latex]{66.5}^{0}[/latex] South Antarctic Circle

  • An isthmus is a narrow strip of land separating two water bodies.

  • ‘Red Indians’ are natives of North America.

  • The time difference between India Standard Time [IST] and Greenwich Mean Time [GMT] is 5 hours 30 minutes.

  • Harmattan is also known as ‘Doctor Wind’.

  • The Harmattan blows during the dry season, which occurs during the lowest-sun months, when the subtropical ridge of high pressure stays over the central Sahara Desert and when the low-pressure Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) stays over the Gulf of Guinea.

  • An example of artificial ecosystem is aquarium.

  • An artificial ecosystem is a human made system of plants, animals, and people living in an area together with their surroundings.

  • Dodo is a bird categorized as extinct.

  • Farakka barrage is a major reason for contention between India and Bangladesh.

  • Farakka Barrage is a barrage across the Ganges River, located between Murshidabad and Malda districts in West Bengal, roughly 16.5 kilometres from the border with Bangladesh near Chapai Nawabganj District.

  • Dead Sea has highest salinity.

  • The Dead Sea is 304 m deep, the deepest hypersaline lake in the world. With a salinity of 342 g/kg, or 34.2%, it is 9.6 times as salty as the ocean and one of the world's saltiest bodies of water.

  • Ox-bow lakes are formed when river is at very low gradient.

  • An oxbow lake is a U shaped body of water that forms when a wide meander from the main stem of a river is cut off, creating a free-standing body of water.

  • Cape Comorin is located in Tamil Nadu.

  • Kanyakumari is a coastal town in the state of Tamil Nadu on India’s southern tip. Jutting into the Laccadive Sea, the town was known as Cape Comorin during British rule and is popular for watching sunrise and sunset over the ocean.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • The green house gases are methane and carbon dioxide.

  • The primary greenhouse gases in Earth’s atmosphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.

  • A major component of water pollution in Bengal Basin is Arsenic.

  • Detritus food chain is: Dead animal --> maggots --> frog --> snake.

  • The grassland ecosystem pyramid of biomass is upright.

  • An ecological pyramid is a graphical representation designed to show the biomass or bio productivity at each trophic level in a given ecosystem.

  • Mountain ranges and their related continent.

      • Mountain Range Continent
      Himalayas Asia
      Andes South America
      Rocky North America

  • Summer solstice is observed in Southern Hemisphere on 21st December.

  • Moraine is a kind of soil erosion that is caused by glacier.

  • A moraine is any glacially formed accumulation of unconsolidated glacial debris that occurs in both currently and formerly glaciated regions on Earth, through geomorphological processes.

  • ‘Sardar Sarovar Dam’ is on the Narmada River.

  • The Sardar Sarovar Dam is a gravity dam on the Narmada River near Navagam, Gujarat. Four Indian states, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Rajasthan, receive water and electricity supplied from the dam.

  • Luni River of India has an Inland drainage.

  • The major component of Gobar Gas is methane.

  • The Kalahari Desert is located in Botswana.

  • River Narmada originates from Amarkantak.

  • Great Barrier Reef is located in Australia.

  • Siachen glacier is located near to Nubra Valley.

  • The name of grasslands of Southern Africa is Velds.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • The dogfish are found in inshore and offshore waters over the Continental Shelf. They prefer full strength seawater and do not enter freshwater habitats.

  • Benthic zone is found in salt water ecosystem.

  • The benthic zone is the ecological region at the lowest level of a body of water such as an ocean or a lake, including the sediment surface and some subsurface layers. Organisms living in this zone are called benthos.

  • The main aim of Basel Convention was Bio-diversity Conservation.

  • Basel Convention is an international treaty that was designed to reduce the movements of hazardous waste between nations, and specifically to prevent transfer of hazardous waste from developed to less developed countries (LDCs).

  • The imaginary lines touching both the poles of earth are called longitudes.

  • Summer solstice is observed in Northern Hemisphere on 21st June.

  • The solstice occurs twice each year (around June 21 and December 21) as the Sun reaches its most northerly or southerly excursion relative to the celestial equator on the celestial sphere.

  • Country borders and their related countries.

      • Border Countries
      49th Parallel United States of America and Canada
      38th Parallel North Korea and South Korea
      Durand Line Pakistan and Afghanistan
      Radcliff Line India and Pakistan

  • Near coastal areas, temperature on land in night time gets reduced due to land breeze.

  • Chinook is also known as ‘Snow Eater’.

  • A chinook wind is a warm, dry wind originating from the Pacific Ocean which blows eastward over the Rockies, then cools on the mountainous slopes and warms significantly as it blows downward onto the prairies.

  • Plants which can survive in very less water are called as xerophytes.

  • Equal birth rate and death rate represents plateau phase in population.

  • Winter solstice is observed in Northern Hemisphere on 21st December.

  • Barren Island is located in India.

  • Strait is a water body separating two land masses.

  • Switzerland is a landlocked country.

  • The only planet whose period of rotation is longer than the period of revolution around the sun is Venus.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Masses of stars and galaxies are usually expressed in solar mass.

  • Diesel Engine primarily produces Nitrogen dioxide leading to air pollution.

  • The main aim of Kyoto Protocol was to fight Global Warming.

  • A high BOD in any water body indicates polluted water.

  • Winter solstice is observed in Southern Hemisphere on 21st June.

  • The solstice occurs twice each year as the Sun reaches its most northerly or southerly excursion relative to the celestial equator on the celestial sphere.

  • Stalagmite is a kind of special deposition that is caused by underground water.

  • A stalagmite is a type of rock formation that rises from the floor of a cave due to the accumulation of material deposited on the floor from ceiling drippings.

  • Humboldt current, Oyashio current and Canary current are cold current whereas Brazil current is a warm current.

  • An ocean current is a continuous, directed movement of seawater generated by forces acting upon this mean flow, such as breaking waves, wind, the Coriolis effect, cabbeling, temperature and salinity differences, while tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon.

  • Cumulonimbus clouds are responsible for rainfall.

  • Cumulonimbus is a dense towering vertical cloud associated with thunderstorms and atmospheric instability, forming from water vapor carried by powerful upward air currents.

  • Jhum cultivation refers to shifting agriculture.

  • Jhum cultivation, also known as the slash and burn agriculture, is the process of growing crops by first clearing the land of trees and vegetation and burning them thereafter.

  • Forest ecosystem has highest bio-mass.

  • The main aim of Ramsar Convention was conservation of wetlands.

  • A wetland is a land area that is saturated with water, either permanently or seasonally, such that it takes on the characteristics of a distinct ecosystem.

  • The cash crops are cotton, groundnut and tea whereas jowar is not a cash crop.

  • A cash crop is an agricultural crop which is grown for sale to return a profit. It is typically purchased by parties separate from a farm.

  • Two-third portion of earth’s surface is covered by water.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Indian Standard Time (IST) is based upon Indian Standard Meridian which passes through Allahabad.

  • Brahamputra River is also known as ‘Tsangpo’.

  • ‘Chumbi Valley’ is located in Sikkim.

  • Parasites, Decomposers and Non-Green plants are biotic component of environment whereas soil is Abiotic component.

  • Biotic components are the living things that shape an ecosystem. Biotic components usually include Producers, Consumers and Decomposers.

  • Bleaching liquors are inorganic pollutants produced mainly by Paper and Pulp Industry.

  • Inorganic chemicals are usually substances of mineral origin. Metals, salt, and minerals are examples of inorganic chemicals.

  • Tur daal (arhar), bajra and maize are Kharif crop whereas wheat is a Rabi crop.

  • Kharif crops or monsoon crops are domesticated plants that are cultivated and harvested in South Asia during the rainy season, which lasts from April to October depending on the area.
  • The Rabi crops are sown around mid-November.

  • National Waterway-2 is on Brahamputra River.

  • National Waterway 2 (NW-2) is a section of the Brahmaputra River having a length of 891 km between the Bangladesh border and Sadiya. It was declared as National Waterway No. 2 on 1 September, 1988.

  • Banaras is located on the banks of Ganga River.

  • Ural mountain range is located in Russia.

  • The mountain range forms part of the conventional boundary between the continents of Europe and Asia. Vaygach Island and the islands of Novaya Zemlya form a further continuation of the chain to the north into the Arctic Ocean.

  • Earth is at the centre during lunar eclipse.

  • A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes directly behind the Earth into its umbra. This can occur only when the Sun, Earth, and Moon are aligned exactly, or very closely so, with the Earth in the middle.

  • Kuroshio, Brazilian and Gulf-Stream are the ocean current whereas Jet-Stream is wind.

  • An ocean current is a continuous, directed movement of seawater generated by forces acting upon this mean flow, such as breaking waves, wind, the Coriolis effect, cabbeling, temperature and salinity differences, while tides are caused by the gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon.

  • Pollutants and their related industry.

      • Pollutant Industry
      Bleaching Liquor Paper and Pulp Industry
      Cellulose fibers Paper and Pulp Industry
      Drugs and antibiotics Pharmaceuticals Industry

  • Green plants, non-green plants and decomposers are biotic component of environment whereas gravity is an Abiotic component.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • ‘Project Elephant’ was launched in India in 1992.

  • Project Elephant was launched in 1992 by the Government of India Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change to provide financial and technical support of wildlife management efforts by states for their free ranging populations of wild Asian Elephants.

  • Neptune is farthest from Sun.

  • Neptune is the eighth and farthest known planet from the Sun in the Solar System. In the Solar System, it is the fourth-largest planet by diameter, the thirdmost-massive planet, and the densest giant planet.
  • In ocean, ‘Benthos’ is found at bottom of ocean.

  • Benthos is the community of organisms that live on, in, or near the seabed, also known as the benthic zone.

  • ‘Great Dividing Range’ is located in Australia.

  • ‘Jog falls’ is located on Sharavati River.

  • Jog Falls is created by the Sharavathi River dropping 253 m, making it the second-highest plunge waterfall in India after the Nohkalikai Falls with a drop of 335 m in Meghalaya.

  • For a time difference of two hours, the longitudinal distance will be equal to 300.

  • Abiotic components or Abiotic factors are non-living chemical and physical parts of the environment that affect living organisms and the functioning of ecosystems. Abiotic factors and the phenomena associated with them underpin all Biology.

  • Cellulose fibres are organic pollutant mainly produced by Paper and Pulp Industry.

  • Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are organic compounds that are resistant to environmental degradation through chemical, biological, and photolytic processes.

  • Barley, wheat and mustard are Rabi crop whereas groundnut is a Kharif crop.

  • National Waterway – 1 is on Ganga – Bhagirathi – Hoogli River.

  • The National Waterway 1 is located in India and runs from Haldia (Sagar) to Allahabad across the Ganges, Bhagirathi and Hooghly river systems. It is 1,620 km long, making it the longest waterway in India.

  • The name of the bridge that connects India and Sri Lanka is Adams Bridge.

  • Adams Bridge is a chain of limestone shoals, between Pamban Island, also known as Rameswaram Island, off the south-eastern coast of Tamil Nadu, India, and Mannar Island, off the north-western coast of Sri Lanka.

  • ‘Death valley’ is located in United States of America.

  • Death Valley is a desert valley located in Eastern California. Death Valley’s Badwater Basin is the point of the lowest elevation in North America, at 86 m below sea level.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Day and night cycle on the earth is due to rotation of earth.

  • During solar eclipse, the moon is at the center.

  • A solar eclipse is a type of eclipse that occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, and when the Moon fully or partially blocks the Sun.

  • ‘Project Snow Leopard’ was launched in India in 2009.

  • Pollutants and their related Pollutant Industry
      • i. Tertiary ammonium Soap Industry salt ii. Bleaching liquor Paper and Pulp Industry iii. Cellulose fibers Paper and Pulp Industry

  • Energy, radiation and water are the Abiotic components of environment whereas green plant is a Biotic component.

  • Uranus was discovered by William Herschel.

  • Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun. It has the third-largest planetary radius and fourth-largest planetary mass in the Solar System.

  • Pluto is considered as the dwarf planet.

  • Sandstone is the type of sedimentary rock.

  • Sedimentary rocks are types of rock that are formed by the deposition and subsequent cementation of that material at the Earth's surface and within bodies of water.

  • The components of Smog are volatile organic compounds, nitrogen oxide and sulphur dioxide.

  • Earth’s deepest point in water is Mariana trench. It is located in the Pacific Ocean.

  • Maasai is a tribe of Kenya.

  • Tribes of Kenya are Maasai, Embu, Kalenjin, Kamba, Kikuyu, Kisii, Luhya, Luo, Meru, Mijikenda, Rendille, Sambur, Somali, Swahili, Taita and Turkana.

  • Ecosystem represents the most complex trophic level.

  • The number of steps an organism is from the start of the chain is a measure of its trophic level.

  • Land covers about 30% of the earth's surface.

  • The Earth consists of four concentric layers: inner core, outer core, mantle and crust.

  • Greenhouse gases absorb long wave (infrared) radiation from the earth and emit it again towards the earth.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • The primary greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone.

  • Bhutan shares its border with West Bengal, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh Indian states.

  • Bhutan also shares its border with Assam (India) and China.

  • On the basis of distribution, resources can be classified into ubiquitous resources.

  • Natural resources are categorized based on distribution: Ubiquitous resources are found everywhere (e.g., air, light, water); and Localized resources are found only in certain parts of the world (e.g., copper and iron ore, geothermal power).

  • Uranium found in Ladakh is an example of potential resources.

  • Natural resources are categorized based on the stage of development: Potential resources are known to exist and may be used in the future. Actual resources are those that have been surveyed, their quantity and quality determined, and are being used in present times.

  • In India, the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act came into force in 1981, but was amended in 1987 to include noise as an air pollutant.

  • The Indian State of Sikkim shares a border with Nepal, Bhutan and China.

  • The largest Indian state in terms of the total area covered is Rajasthan.

  • Indian state having the largest Coastline is Gujarat.

  • Pyrometer is best suited for measuring the temperature inside metallurgical furnaces.

  • Afghanistan is the largest producer of opium in the world.

  • Gravitational force is the maximum at poles.

  • Hygrometer is used to measure humidity.

  • Deciduous trees shed their leaves once in a year.

  • Marble comes under the category of metamorphic rocks.

  • A metamorphic rock is a result of a transformation of a pre-existing rock.

  • The most important for absorption of heat radiated from the Sun as well as from the Earth is carbon dioxide.

  • Kyoto protocol came into force in 2005.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in Kyoto, Japan, on 11 December 1997 and entered into force on 16 February 2005.

  • The name of the tropical cyclones in the China Sea is Typhoon.

  • Norway, Sweden and Denmark are the part of Scandinavia.

  • The reason for formation of Mirage in desert is refraction and total internal reflection of light both.

  • Amazon River flows through Brazil.

  • The Amazon River is the largest river by discharge volume of water in the world and according to most authorities, the second longest in length.

  • The other name of Sahyadri Range is Western Ghats.

  • The Forest Research Institute of India located in Dehradun.

  • India has longest international border with Bangladesh.

  • The most abundant metal on Earth’s crust is aluminum.

  • Soil having high content of aluminum and iron oxide is also known as pedalfer soil.

  • Ozone is an allotrope of oxygen.

  • Allotrope is each of two or more different physical forms in which an element can exist.

  • Red data book contains data of all endangered species.

  • Strait of Malacca separates Malay Peninsula and Indonesia Island of Sumatra.

  • The latitude which passes through Sikkim also passes through Rajasthan.

  • The major cause of acid rain is nitrogen dioxide.

  • Western Ghats is covered by tropical evergreen forest.

  • The final boundary between the Earth and the outer space is called magnetopause.

  • The magnetopause is the abrupt boundary between a magnetosphere and the surrounding plasma. For planetary science, the magnetopause is the boundary between the planet's magnetic field and the solar wind.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Carbon dioxide gas contributes the maximum to the phenomena of global warming.

  • [latex]{49}^{th}[/latex] Parallel is the boundary line between USA and Canada.

  • La Nina reduces the temperature of the Pacific Ocean.

  • Cryollite is an ore of Aluminium.

  • Himalayan mountain range falls under Fold Mountain.

  • ‘Norwesters’ are thunder storms which are prominent in India and Bangladesh.

  • A difference between 2 longitudes at equator is nearby equivalent to 111 km.

  • Sirocco winds are hot dust laden and blow from Sahara desert towards Mediterranean Region.

  • Reduce – Reuse – Recycle three R’s are regarded as environment friendly.

  • Alps mountain range is located in Europe.

  • The full form of ITCZ is inter tropical convergence zone.

  • The boundary between Earth’s crust and mantle is Moho discontinuity.

  • Doldrums pressure belts lies in between 5° N to 5° S latitudes.

  • Venus is also known as ‘Earth’s twin’.

  • The Isohyets imaginary lines join places with same level of rainfalls.

  • Tropical Region has maximum bio-diversity.

  • Five (5) Indian states share their boundaries with Nepal. These states are Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal and Sikkim.

  • The largest area under Wastelands is in Rajasthan, India.

  • The highest peak in Andaman and Nicobar inlands is Saddle Peak.

  • Nepal, Bhutan and Afghanistan are landlocked country Whereas Myanmar is not a landlocked country.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • A landlocked state or landlocked country is a sovereign state entirely enclosed by land, or whose only coastlines lie on closed seas. There are currently 49 such countries, including five partially recognised states.

  • Tundra forests majorly comprises of lichen and mosses.

  • There are three types of tundra: Arctic tundra, Alpine tundra, and Antarctic tundra. In tundra, the vegetation is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges and grasses, mosses and lichens.

  • Desert has maximum diurnal temperature difference.

  • Punjab receives rainfall due to western disturbances.

  • Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats both receive sufficient rainfall but Deccan Plateau receives scanty rainfall because it is a rain shadow area.

  • Types of coal are Anthracite, Lignite and Peat.

  • The ranks of coal (from most to least carbon content) are as follows: anthracite, bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, and lignite. The coal with the highest carbon content is the best and cleanest type of coal to use.

  • Fog, clouds, mist are examples of Aerosol.

  • The primary green house gases in the earth’s atmosphere are methane, ozone and nitrous oxide.

  • Tropical Deciduous Forests are most widespread in India.

  • In India Tropical Deciduous Forests are found in Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Orissa and parts of Maharashtra.

  • In the north-west, India shares its land boundaries with Pakistan.

  • The part of the Himalayas lying between Satluj and Kali rivers is known as Kumaon Himalayas.

  • Reforestation is the process of restoring a forest that once existed but was removed at some point of time in the past.

  • As of June 2017 India have 29 states.

  • The northern plain of India has been formed by the interplay of the three major river systems, namely – the Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra.

  • Stratosphere acts as a shield absorbing ultraviolet radiation from the sun.

  • Charminar is located in Hyderabad.

  • The Charminar (“Four Minarets”), constructed in 1591, is a monument and mosque located in Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • India has a land boundary of about 15200 km.

  • The Patkal hills belong to Purvanchal mountain ranges.

  • Any undesirable change in physical, chemical or biological characteristics of air, land, water or soil is called pollution.

  • Satluj Rivers flows from India to Pakistan.

  • In the biosphere living beings are inter-related and independent on each other for survival. The life supporting system is known as the Ecosystem.

  • The part of the Himalayas between Tista and Dihang rivers is known as Assam Himalayas.

  • Presence of large amounts of nutrients in waters also causes excessive growth of planktonic algae.

  • As of June 2017 there are seven (7) Union Territories in India.

  • The northern plain of India is formed of alluvial soil.

  • Alluvial soils are formed mainly due to silt deposited by Indo-Gangetic-Brahmaputra Rivers.

  • According to an estimate, almost 40 percent forests have been lost in the tropics, compared to only one (1) percent in the temperate region.

  • Beyond the Dihang gorge, the Himalayas bend sharply to the south and spread along the eastern boundary of India.

  • The National Highway 1A connects Leh to Kashmir Valley through the Zoji La pass.

  • Humayun’s Tomb is located in New Delhi.

  • The tomb was commissioned by Humayun’s first wife and chief consort, Empress Bega Begum, in 1569-70, and designed by Mirak Mirza Ghiyas, a Persian architect chosen by her.

  • India is the 7th largest country in the world.

  • The place on the earth’s surface above the focus is called the epicenter.

  • During the past century, the temperature of Earth has increased by 0.60C.

  • Uranus was discovered by William Herschel.

  • In due course of time the meander loop cuts off from the river and forms a cut-off lake, also called an ox-bow lake.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • The oceanic crust mainly consists of silica and magnesium.

  • Name of the estuary on the border of India and Pakistan is Sir Creek.

  • As the river enters the plains it twists and turns forming large bends known as meanders.

  • The method of soil conversation in which stones, grass, soil are used to build barriers along contours and trenches are made in front of the barriers to collect water is called contour barriers.

  • The salt concentration (measured as salinity in parts per thousand), is less than 5% in inland waters.

  • Granite is an example of intrusive igneous rock.

  • The longitudinal valley lying between lesser Himalaya and the Shiwaliks are known as Duns.

  • Mortality is the number of deaths in the population during a given period.

  • Buland Darwaza is located in Uttar Pradesh.

  • Buland Darwaza, or the “Gate of Magnificence”, was built in 1601 A.D. by Akbar to commemorate his victory over Gujarat.

  • Nepal shares a border with China besides India.

  • Climate influences the rate of weathering and humus in soil formation.

  • The longitude of main land of India extends between 68°7' E and 97°25' E.

  • Temperature is the most ecologically relevant environment factor.

  • Antarctica was discovered by James Cook.

  • Sri Lanka is separated from India by a narrow channel of sea formed by Pak Strait and the Gulf of Mannar.

  • The land mass of India has an area of 3.28 million square km.

  • Emigration is the number of individuals of the population who left the habitat and gone elsewhere during the time period under consideration.

  • Ajanta and Ellora caves are situated in Maharashtra.

  • The Ajanta Caves are about 29 rock-cut Buddhist cave monuments which date from the 2nd century BCE to about 480 or 650 CE in Aurangabad district of Maharashtra.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Kosi River originates in Nepal and flows into the Ganges.

  • The Koshi or Kosi River drains the northern slopes of the Himalayas in Tibet and the southern slopes in Nepal. The Koshi River is also known as Saptakoshi for its seven upper tributaries.

  • Weathering is the breaking up of the rocks on the earth’s surface.

  • Weathering is the breaking down of rocks, soil, and minerals as well as wood and artificial materials through contact with the Earth's atmosphere, waters, and biological organisms.

  • The method of soil conservation in the coastal and dry regions where rows of trees are planted to check the wind movement to protect soil cover is called shelter belts.

  • Bangladesh shares its border with Myanmar besides India.

  • Landslide is defined as the mass movement of rock, debris or earth down a slope.

  • The material carried by the glacier such as rocks big and small, sand and silt gets deposited, which are called glacial moraines.

  • Mattancherry Palace is located in Kerala.

  • The Mattancherry Palace is a Portuguese palace popularly known as the Dutch Palace, in Mattancherry, Kochi, in the Indian state of Kerala. It was built around 1545 AD by the Portuguese as a present to King Veera Kerala Verma.

  • Flora and Fauna affect the rate of humus formation of soil.

  • The latitude of main land of India extends between 8°4' N and 37°6' N.

  • Natality refers to the number of births during a given period in the population that are added to the initial density.

  • Chitwan National Park in Nepal is a continuation of India’s Valmiki National Park.

  • Earth’s surface is covered with water around 70-80%.

  • The method of soil conservation in which ploughing is done parallel to the contours of a hill slope to form a natural barrier for water to flow down the slope is called contour ploughing.

  • The salt concentration (measured as salinity in parts per thousand), is 30-35% in sea.

  • Gol Gumbaz is located in Karnataka.

  • Gol Gumbaz is the mausoleum of maharaja Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur. The tomb, located in Bijapur, Karnataka in India, was completed in 1656 by the architect Yaqut of Dabul.

  • Actual resources are those resources whose quantity is known.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • The main mineral constituents of the continental mass are silica and alumina.

  • Immigration is the number of individuals of the same species that have come into the habitat from elsewhere during the time period under consideration.

  • Bangladesh shares its border with the Indian state of Assam, Tripura and Meghalaya.

  • Bangladesh also shares its border with West Bengal and Mizoram.

  • As the river approaches the sea, the speed of the flowing water decreases and the river begins to break up into a number of streams called distributaries.

  • The method of soil conservation in which rocks are piled up to slow down the flow of water which prevents gullies and further soil loss is called rock dam.

  • The salt concentration (measured as salinity in parts per thousand), is greater than 100% in hypersaline lagoons.

  • Ladakh is a cold desert lying in the Great Himalayas.

  • The method of soil conservation in which different crops are grown in alternate rows and are sown at different times to protect the soil from rain wash is called intercropping.

  • Commensalism is the interaction in which one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefited.

  • Recently, scientists have found second Great Spot 24000 km across and 12000 km wide on Jupiter planet.

  • The Sundarbans Reserve Forest (SRF) which is adjacent to India’s Sundarbans National Park is located in Bangladesh.

  • The innermost layer is the core with a radius of about 3500 km.

  • Earth radius is the distance from Earth's center to its surface, about 6,371 km.

  • Nepal also shares its border with Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.

  • The decay caused by various components like water, wind and ice on the landscape is called erosion.

  • The method of soil conservation in which bare ground between plants is covered with layer of organic matter like straw is called mulching.

  • Many freshwater animals cannot live for long in sea water and vice versa because of the osmotic problems, they would face.

  • Padma is a major river in Bangladesh which is also the main distributary of the Ganges.

  • The Padma is a major river in Bangladesh. It is the main distributary of the Ganges, flowing generally southeast for 120 kilometers to its confluence with the Meghna River near the Bay of Bengal.
General Awareness Geography - Points:

  • Dasht-e-Kavir Desert is located in Iran.

  • Dasht-e Kavir, also known as Kavir-e Namak and the Great Salt Desert, is a large desert lying in the middle of the Iranian plateau.

  • Earth’s most internal layer is called “Barysphere”.

  • The Blue Nile River originates from Lake Tana.

  • If you want to know which state has the largest forest covered area then certainly its madhya Pradesh. But in terms of percentage of covered area of forest in a state than Mizoram comes first with more than 80%.

  • The Blue Nile is one of the two major tributaries of the Nile. The other being the White Nile. The Blue Nile supplies about 60% of the water in the Nile, more than two-thirds in flood season.

  • The 2017 report, which is the 15th state of forest survey, on the basis of percentage of forest cover with respect to the total geographical area — Lakshdweep (90.33%) has the highest forest cover followed by Mizoram (86.77%) and Andaman and Nicobar Islands (81.73%).

  • With respect to the largest forest cover state — Madhya Pradesh has the largest forest cover of (77.414 sq. km) in the country in terms of area, followed by Arunachal Pradesh with (66.964 km) and Chhattisgarh (55.547 sq. km).

  • The Alaknanda and the Bhagirathi combines to form River Ganga at Devprayag.

  • The Ganga River is a trans-boundary river of Asia which flows through the nations of India and Bangladesh.

  • Forestation is not responsible for water shortage but factors responsible for water shortage are:
      • i. rapid growth of industries ii. increasing population iii. mismanagement of water resources

  • Carbon dioxide gas is major contributor to greenhouse effect.

  • Orchards, home aquarium and botanical gardens are the man made ecosystem but grassland is a natural ecosystem.

  • Sink holes, Stalactite and Stalagmite are the result of underground water action but Fiords is the result of glacier.

  • The Great Victoria Desert is located in Australia.

  • Great Victoria Desert is over 700 kilometres wide (from west to east) and covers an area of 348,653 square kilometres (134,653 sq. m.).

  • Gorge is a typical feature of river erosion in youthful stage.

  • A Gorge is a narrow valley with steep, rocky walls located between hills or mountains and stream running through it.

  • Manipur, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh are the states sharing its borders with Myanmar. Whereas Assam is the only state among the Seven sisters. Which share its borders with the rest of the six states that comprises the seven sisters.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Bhavanisagar Dam or Lower Bhavani Dam is located in Tamil Nadu.

  • Oxygen gas is the second most abundant gas by volume in atmosphere.

  • Carbon Monoxide when reacts with haemoglobin, it produces a stable compound that actually prevents oxygen entering body.

  • Oil spills is seen in marine ecosystem and is also a form of pollution.

  • The Ganga is known in Bangladesh by the name of Padma.

  • Maize, Rice, Arhar, Soyabean, Ragi and Groundnut are the Kharif crops but Wheat and Barley are the Rabi crops.

  • Three (3) seismic stations are required to locate the epicenter of an earthquake.

  • Madhya Pradesh shares its border with 5 States.

  • Palghat joins Tamil Nadu and Kerala.

  • The accumulation of non-degradable chemicals progressively at each trophic level is called biological magnification.

  • Taj Mahal is suffering from “Marble Cancer” because of sulphur dioxide.

  • Cancer treatment is done by radon a noble gas.

  • Three (3) types of ecological pyramids are present in ecosystem. They are Pyramid of number, biomass and Energy.

  • The second most abundant element on Earth’s crust is silicon.

  • A shallow place in a river or stream allowing one to walk or drive across.

  • Hurricane, Tornado and Cyclone are warm wind but Bora is a cold-dry wind.

  • The man-made reservoir Gobind Sagar located in Bilaspur is situated in Himachal Pradesh.

  • Narmada, Tapti and Mahi rivers flows from East to West but Cauvery River flows from West to East.

  • Itai-Itai disease is caused by metal pollution.

  • Itai-Itai disease was the name given to the mass cadmium poisoning of Toyama Prefecture, Japan, starting around 1912. The term "Itai-Itai disease" was coined by locals for the severe pains victims felt in the spine and joints.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide are the inorganic gas but ethylene dichloride is an organic gas.

  • Pollutants like carbon dioxide (co[latex]_{2}[/latex]), carbon monoxide (co), sulphur dioxide (so[latex]_{2}[/latex]), nitrous oxide (No) and nitrogen dioxide (No[latex]_{2}[/latex]) are collectively called as Inorganic gaseous pollutants.

  • Basel Protocol is related to trans-boundary hazardous dumping.

  • The Basel Convention is an international treaty that was designed to reduce the movements of hazardous waste between nations, and specifically to prevent transfer of hazardous waste from developed to less developed countries (LDCs).

  • Parasitic food chain is Trees > Fruits eating birds > Lice and bugs.

  • A single plant or animal in a parasitic food chain may support numerous parasites, which might be further supporting a large number of hyperparasites. Thus, the pyramid of numbers in a parasitic food chain is inverted.

  • Bahrain is known as ‘Island of Pearls’.

  • “Oder–Neisse Line” is a boundary between Germany and Poland.

  • Imaginary line Equator, located at zero degree latitude, divides the earth into northern and southern hemispheres.

  • Nathpa Jhakri hydel power project is located on Sutlej River.

  • Kandla port is the first port that was developed after independence in Gujarat State.

  • In 1956, Minamata disease was caused by water pollution.

  • Recycling is the best solution to get rid of nonbiodegradable wastes.

  • Tree is most vulnerable to die during loss of its all leaves.

  • Taiga is an example of forest ecosystem.

  • Noonmati oil refinery is located near the mineral oil field.

  • Chronological order of planets is correct as per distance the increasing order from the Earth is Venus > Mars > Mercury> Jupiter.

  • Duration of the day and night on Earth are almost the equal at the Equator.

  • Local Wind Harmattan is also called “Doctor Wind”.

  • Pygmalion Point is located near the Equator.

  • The Mettur Dam is located in Tamil Nadu.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Convention/Protocol Topic
    Basel Convention Hazardous waste dumping
    Montreal Protocol Ozone layer
    Kyoto Protocol Greenhouse gases

  • Grazing food chain is Grass --> Rabbit -->; Fox.

  • Gneiss, phyllite and schist are the examples of metamorphic rock whereas granite is an example of igneous rock.

  • Metamorphic rocks arise from the transformation of existing rock types, in a process called metamorphism, which means "change in form". The original rock is subjected to heat and pressure, causing profound physical or chemical change.

  • Stratellite is the high altitude airship positioned in the stratosphere.

  • Mount St. Helens is an active stratovolcano located in United States of America.

  • A stratovolcano, also known as a composite volcano, is a conical volcano built up by many layers of hardened lava, tephra, pumice, and volcanic ash.

  • The Nanda Devi peak is located in Uttrakhand.

  • India shares longest international boundary with Bangladesh.

  • Excess of fluoride in drinking water causes mottling of teeth.

  • Fine solid particles or liquid droplets suspended in air are called aerosol.

  • Marine ecosystem have inverted biomass pyramid.

  • The Buxa Tiger Reserve is located in West Bengal.

  • Sundarbans is the largest mangrove forest not only in India but in the world.

  • Doab term is used in India for a tract of land lying between two consecutive rivers.

  • The Nagarjuna Sagar project is constructed on Krishna River.

  • The largest producer of cardamom in India is Kerala.

  • Micro-organisms act upon the dead plants to produce humus.

  • A species restricted to a given area is endemic species.

  • Special Climate change fund was established in 2001.

  • Food chain is Grass --> Insect --> Frog --> Snake --> Eagle.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • The longest duration of the year happens on Neptune planet.

  • The normal rate of temperature rise with depth from the surface of the Earth to the interior of the Earth is approximately 1°C per 32 meter.

  • The Meseta Plateau is located in Spain.

  • Duncan Pass is located between Southern Andaman and Little Andaman.

  • Arakan Yoma (a range of the Himalaya) is located in Myanmar.

  • Forest protects the soil from erosion.

  • Plants and animals in a forest are dependent on one another.

  • Forests influence the climate and water cycle.

  • Soil helps forest to grow and regenerate.

  • Cholera and Typhoid diseases are due to water pollution.

  • Kigali agreement is 8th amendment to the Montreal Protocol.

  • Grass --> Rabbit --> Fox is grazing food chain.

  • Tamu Massif is considered to be the largest volcano on Earth (in terms of its mass and footprint).

  • Ionosphere layer of the atmosphere makes Radio Communication possible.

  • The name of mid-latitude grass land in South America is Pampas.

  • Mahatma Gandhi Hydropower Project is situated on Jog waterfall.

  • The Eastern Ghats joins the Western Ghats at Nilgiri Hills.

  • Sulphur dioxide is responsible for turning Taj Mahal yellow.

  • Lichen helps in monitoring air pollution.

  • Dust, soot and smoke are the particulate pollutant whereas ozone is not a particulate pollutant.
SSC CGL Geography - Points:

  • Grassland ecosystem has upright of biomass pyramid.

  • The Guru Shikhar Peak is located in Rajasthan.

  • The Tropic of Capricorn does pass through Australia, Brazil and Chile.

  • Australia has the world’s largest reserves of Uranium.

  • The new name of Jog or Gerosoppa waterfall is Mahatma Gandhi Waterfall.

  • Tamil Nadu receives the highest rainfall during winter months.

  • Kerosene is not a forest product whereas gum, plywood and sealing wax are the forest products.

  • According to World Wide Fund, River Ganges of India is one of the ten most endangered rivers in the world.

  • Montreal Protocol is related to Ozone layer.

  • The Montreal Protocol is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion. It was agreed on 16 September 1987, and entered into force on 1 January 1989, followed by a first meeting in Helsinki, May 1989.

  • Mission of Ramsar Convention is to conserve wetland.

  • The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat is an international treaty for the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands. It is named after the city of Ramsar in Iran, where the Convention was signed in 1971.

  • The major problems in development of resources are :
      • i. depletion of resources for satisfying the greed of few individuals. ii. Accumulation of resources in few hands which in turn, divided the society into rich and poor. iii. Indiscriminate exploitation of resources causing various global ecological crises such as global warming, depletion of the ozone layer, environmental pollution and land degradation.

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