Direction (1-5): A passage is given with 5 questions following it. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives.
Bertrand Russell in The Conquest of Happiness has said that the sole reason for unhappiness finding refuge in the heart of man is the unhindered growth of “self-centered passions”. These passions are more often materialistic. And in the pursuit of materialistic passions, man becomes alienated from society. Failure in his pursuit often leads him to discontentment and dejection and he finds himself a misfit in this world. In the modern world, none is unaffected by stress. The stress to outdo the other in this mad rat race of consumerism often leads to depression. Even children are not spared from this. They are supposed to far better than their classmates in examinations and other co-curricular activities. So man, right from childhood, has to face the brunt of being born in this fast-changing society.
A section of the youth, unable to cope with the expectations of their loved ones, either end their lives or experiment with drugs, for seeking temporary mental relaxation provided by the initial intake, encourage people to indulge in them more often. The body then becomes totally dependent on drugs and cannot survive without a daily dose. With regular intake, the amount required to produce the effect also increases. This physical and mental dependence on drugs is called drug addiction.
Drug addiction is a psychiatric, psychological and social problem. While persons of all ages and at all places are open to drugs use the proportions of almost an epidemic among the youth. It is mostly introduced to an unsuspecting person by his friends and is usually observed that once addicted to drugs, they initiate others to drugs. Some youngsters take to drugs because they are poked fun as if they do not use drugs. And some take drugs just to seek company or break the boredom. In addition to these, other factors that lead to drug addiction are – lack of parental care and supervision, lack of moral and religious education, media and pop culture, broken homes, hatred for any authority, etc. Seeking refuge in drugs relieves tensions, eases depressions and removes inhibitions, although the period of ecstasy is apparently short-lived.
Q1. Which of the following statements is true?

A. All youngsters take to drugs because they are mocked at if they do not use drugs. B. Drug addiction is a problem restricted to the youth. C. There is almost an epidemic of drug use among the youth. D. All youngsters take drugs just to break boredom.

Answer - Option C
Explanation -Refer to, “While persons of all ages and at all places are open to drug use the proportions of almost an epidemic among the youth.”
Q2. The cycle of drug addiction involves

A. initiation, relaxation and de-addiction B. initiation, rehabilitation and addiction C. initiation, peer pressure and addiction D. initiation, relaxation and addiction

Answer - Option D
Explanation -Refer to “(1) The stress to outdo the other in this mad rat race of consumerism often leads to depression, (2) A section of the youth, unable to cope with the expectations of their loved ones, either end their lives or experiment with drugs, for seeking temporary mental relaxation provided by the initial intake, encourages people to indulge in them more often and (3) With regular intake the amount required to produce the effect also increases. This physical and mental dependence on drugs is called drug addiction.”
Q3. The reason cited by Bertrand Russell for the unhappiness of man is

A. Alienation from society B. Failure in life C. Materialistic self-centredness D. Stress to outdo others

Answer - Option C
Explanation -Refer to, “These passions are more often materialistic. And in the pursuit of materialistic passions, man becomes alienated from the society.”
Q4. The theme is developed by the writer is

A. The Conquest of Happiness B. Pressures of the modern world C. Problems emerging out of materialism D. Drug Addiction

Answer - Option D
Explanation -The theme being developed by the writer is “Drug Addiction”
Q5. What leads youth to drugs?

A. Inability to cope with the demands of the modern world B. Rapid changes in the modern world C. Undue competition of the modern world D. A, B, and C

Answer - Option D
Explanation -According the passage all the points are responsible because all of the above options leads youth to drugs.

Direction (1-3): In the following questions, sentences are given with blanks to be filed in with an appropriate word(s). Four alternatives are suggested for each question. Choose the correct alternative out of the four as your answer.
Q1. Louis was unable to___________ into solving the problem.

A. hold hostage B. make inroads C. turn the tide D. open doors

Answer - Option B
Explanation -Make inroads into (idiom): to succeed in getting something done or at least started. Turn the tide (idiom): reverse the trend of events.
Q2. They spent much of the time reminiscing about the war, as old soldiers are __________ to do.

A. fettered B. excited C. dogmatic D. wont

Answer - Option D
Explanation -Wont: (of a person) in the habit of doing something; accustomed.
Q3. You will be __________ people who are every bit as good as you are.

A. stemming from B. striking down C. pitted against D. dwelling on

Answer - Option C
Explanation -Pit against: To set someone or something into direct conflict, opposition, or competition against someone or something else.
Q4. Select the synonym of the given word
COERCE

A. enchant B. pressurize C. cajole D. leave

Answer - Option B
Explanation -Coerce means to persuade (an unwilling person) to do something by using force or threats.
Q5. Select the antonym of the given word
EXPANSION

A. inflation B. augmentation C. extension D. compression

Answer - Option C
Explanation -Expansion: the action of becoming larger or more extensive.
Compression: the action of becoming smaller or being compressed.

Direction (1-3): Improve the bracketed part of the sentence.
Q1. Human beings are social animals, (who are living in communities), regulated by social norms and laws.

A. living in communities B. living amongst a community C. living in midst of communities D. No improvement

Answer - Option A
Explanation -‘are living’ shows action for a shorter period of time, however present indefinite should be used to show indefinite period.
Q2. (No sooner the advertisement regarding the launch of new smart phone appeared) than there was a rush on the online website for pre booking the same.

A. No sooner the advertisement regarding the launched of new smart phone appeared B. No sooner did the advertisement regarding the launch of new smart phone appeared C. The advertisement regarding the launch of new smart phone was no sooner having appeared D. No improvement

Answer - Option B
Explanation -We use “did/had” after “no sooner” as inverse structure is used in sentences beginning with No Sooner, Hardly, Scarcely. Hence “No sooner did/had…than” is the correct structure.
Q3. The exhausted travelers seemed relieved when the train finally (came into) the station.

A. pulled in B. pulled into C. pulled onto D. No improvement

Answer - Option A
Explanation -Pull in: (of a bus or train) arrive to take passengers.
Directions (4-5): In these questions some of the sentences have errors and some have none. Find out which part of a sentence has an error and indicate it corresponding to the appropriate letter. If there is no error, indicate corresponding to the last option.
Q4. Radar equipments (A)/that is to be used (B)/for ships must be installed carefully. (C)/ No error (D)

A. A B. B C. C D. D

Answer - Option A
Explanation -Equipment is an ‘uncountable noun’ which doesn’t take plural form. Hence replace ‘equipments’ with ‘equipment’.
Q5. Of all those involved (A)/ with the accident (B)/ none was seriously injured. (C)/ No error (D)

A. A B. B C. C D. D

Answer - Option B
Explanation -‘Involve’ takes preposition ‘in’ with it. Hence replace ‘with’ by ‘in’.