Directions (Q1 - Q2): Read the following paragraph and answer the below mentioned questions.
The United Nations was set up 70 years ago to save future generations from the scourge of war. While it has arguably succeeded in preventing another great war, its track record on peace and security has not always been stellar.
Assessments on the vitality, durability, and success of diplomacy in any year — including 2015 — are best carried out away from high-decibel levels and cantankerous TV anchors. Preferably, assessments are best when undertaken by those who are not themselves camp followers and cheerleaders. Diplomacy is a fine art when well-practiced and fashioned by the mature; not by those seeking the thrill of tomorrow’s headlines. Subjectivity will, by definition, find its way into any human endeavor. The seasoned practitioner is trained to guard against premature excitement, euphoria, and hubris.
How does 2015 stand out as a year of success amongst all others? The successes that stand out: The adoption of the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, the conference of parties (COP 21) climate change agreement and the US-Iran nuclear deal, which passed despite stiff domestic and Israeli opposition. This bore fruit in 2016, as epitomized by the recent prisoner exchange that took place over the weekend.
A closer look at some of these successes indicates that 2015 has reinforced the need for multilateralism. The 2030 agenda, for example, unlike the Millennium Development Goals of 2000, reflect a bottom-up negotiation process by the entire UN membership. Their impact could well prove to be transformational, even as issues relating to their financing and implementation need to be resolved. Equally, decisions taken by the COP 21 in Paris represent a decisive victory against the irresponsible, particularly the climate skeptics. The UN Secretary-General, Ban Ki-moon, stated after COP 21: “For the first time, every country in the world has pledged to curb their emissions, strengthen resilience and act internationally and domestically to address climate change.” But, here again, follow-up action to ensure that global warming can be limited to meet the ambitious targets will need to be demonstrated.
At the multilateral level, 2015 also marked the 15th anniversary of Resolution 1325 on women, peace, and security. Resolution 2242, passed in September 2015, affirms the essential role of women in conflict prevention, peacemaking, and peace-building. Along with the establishment of UN Women in 2010, this has firmly entrenched the centrality of women’s empowerment and gender equality in the international discourse, a big plus for diplomacy in 2015.
Among the major bilateral diplomatic successes of the year was the decision for the normalization of relations between the US and Cuba. The apology by Japan and the offer of $8 million to Korean “comfort women” during World War II were widely welcomed as an initiative designed to deal with a troublesome past.
2015 has hopefully also driven home to the main stakeholders the fact that the major threats to international peace and security are best handled collectively. These are beyond the capability of any one of them. A lot went wrong in 2015 precisely because this principle was not always upheld: The continued stalemate on Syria with devastating humanitarian consequences, the inability to deal with the Islamic State (IS) adequately, the situation in Yemen, where there has been more physical destruction in five months than in Syria in five years. The roadmap for collective action against the IS produced by the UN Security Council provides just that glimmer of hope. If the Turks can overcome their desire to first go after the Kurds, and the Americans and Russians come to genuinely believe that the IS constitutes a bigger threat than Bashar al-Assad, cooperation may result in some hope for Syria. For this, the Saudis and their followers also need to play ball.
Q1. According to the passage, what Went wrong in 2015?
A. Physical destruction in Yemen.
B. Is constituted a bigger threat in 2015.
C. The inability to deal with the Islamic State (IS) adequately.
D. All of above
E. None of these
Answer - Option D
Explanation - All of above
Q2. According to the author, what world has pledged for the first time?
A. Adoption of the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda.
B. The US-Iran nuclear deal.
C. To curb their emissions, strengthen resilience and act internationally and domestically to address climate change.
D. Affirms the essential role of women in conflict prevention, peacemaking, and peace-building.
E. None of these
Answer - Option C
Explanation - To curb their emissions, strengthen resilience and act internationally and domestically to address climate change.
Q3. Ecologists, hydrologists, economists and engineers have______detailed documentation that brings into doubt the_______of water_______, economic growth and safety made by the project.
A. delinquent, disclaim, deportation
B. rigid, dissimilar, banishment
C. fragile, unconventional, expulsion
D. produced, claims, provisioning
E. different, deny, extraction
Answer - Option D
Explanation - produced, claims, provisioning
produced – make or manufacture from components or raw materials.
claims – state or assert that something is the case, typically without providing evidence or proof.
provisioning – supply with food, drink, or equipment, especially for a journey.
Q4. The endless scream of alarm clocks and studying until eyes_______in their sockets, pressure cooker competition, the________feeling that one’s entire future_______in balance.
A. static, disjoin, denounce
B. sink, desperate, hangs
C. float, conjoin , acquiring
D. increasing, take away, upbraid
E. fluctuating, subtracts, deprecate
Answer - Option B
Explanation - sink, desperate ,hangs
sink – go down below the surface of something, especially of a liquid; become submerged.
desperate – feeling or showing a hopeless sense that a situation is so bad as to be impossible to deal with.
hangs – suspend or be suspended from above with the lower part dangling free.
Q5. Incipio, incipere, incepi, inceptum
A. turn out
B. To begin
C. To toot
D. To run
E. To back
Answer - Option B
Explanation - To begin