Directions (1-2): Consecutive prison terms for those convicted of more than one offense in a single trial are infrequent in India. When those who have attracted great public odium by the enormity of their crimes are found guilty, the judges are seen to have the option of awarding sentences that are ‘consecutive’, to be undergone one after another as opposed to concurrently, where the longest jail term subsumes the shorter ones. On rare occasions, for example in the case of self-proclaimed godman Premananda in Tamil Nadu, two life sentences have been ordered to run consecutively. The Supreme Court has now provided clarity on the question of whether two or more sentences of life imprisonment can be made to run one after another. It is basically irrational and anomalous, says the Constitution Bench. As life imprisonment is for the remainder of one’s life, unless ended by remission or commutation, multiple life terms should be counted concurrently. Accordingly, judgments that run contrary to this principle have been overruled. Consecutive sentences are still permissible if one is a fixed term and the other is one of life, provided the term sentence is completed first and the life sentence begins later.
Unbelievably lengthy prison sentences are not common in India, unlike in some jurisdictions in the West. However, most of these countries balance it with a robust system of probation or parole. On the other hand, the idea of releasing a prisoner under supervised probation after a part of the sentence has been served is still rare in India; both state and society expect convicts to be imprisoned for as long as possible. This highlights an issue that occasionally crops up in judicial discourse: the absence of sentencing guidelines in India. In theory, sentences can be deterrent, retributive, reformative or restorative. However, the present sentencing paradigm is judge-centric, leaving much to the court’s discretion. Some believe this may be right because no two offenses, or even offenders, are likely to be the same. Circumstances (aggravating or mitigating), motive and nature of the crime are all taken into account by judges in sentencing. For heinous crimes, the ideas of deterrence and retribution inform judicial discretion, and hence the more popular verdicts are those that award condign punishment. Until sentencing guidelines are framed by the legislature or the superior judiciary, individual judges will have to carry the burden of awarding punishment that befits the crime. By holding that there shall be no consecutive life terms, the court has offered a ray of hope to even those locked away for life, even if it may not guarantee release. For, justice ultimately cannot be merely retributive.
1. What according to the passage both state and society expect?

A. the longest jail term subsumes the shorter ones B. Consecutive prison terms for those convicted of more than one offense in a single trial should not be infrequent in India C. balance it with a robust system of probation or parole D. the convicts should be imprisoned for as long as possible E. None of the above

Answer - Option D
Explanation - The convicts should be imprisoned for as long as possible
2. How according to the passage two life sentences can be run consecutively?

A. two or more sentences of life imprisonment cannot be made to run one after another B. two or more sentences of life imprisonment can be made together C. two or more sentences of life imprisonment can be made to run one after another D. Both A and C E. All of the above

Answer - Option C
Explanation - Two or more sentences of life imprisonment can be made to run one after another
3. He was advised to abstain ______ all alcoholic drinks.

A. in B. at C. from D. by E. None of these

Answer - Option C
Explanation -Abstain meaning-Restrain oneself from doing or enjoying something
Abstain in hindi– Bachna alchol se bachna, isliye se =from
Directions (4-5): Read each sentence to find out whether there is any grammatical error in it. The error, if any, will be one part of the sentence. The number of that part is the answer. if there is no error, the answer is (E).
4. A)India has decided do away with the practice of /B)put each imported food consignment through /C) lab checks and switch to the international norm of /D) random and risk based inspections. /E) No error

A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E

Answer - Option B
Explanation - Replace ‘put’ with ‘putting’.
5. A) SP Sumit singh , along with Devesh Panday and DSP Hasan, /B) headed separate terms that include cops from /C) six police stations and investigators from /D) the district police crime cell. /E) No error

A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E

Answer - Option B
Explanation - Replace ‘include’ with ‘included’.

1. Nuptials

A. fanatical B. gloomy C. marriage D. boring E. appreciation

Answer - Option C
Explanation - Meaning – a ceremony of marriage.
2. Are not these slums a disgrace _______ the civic authorities.

A. for B. to C. towards D. on E. None of these

Answer - Option B
Explanation -Disgrace meaning-Loss of reputation or respect as the result of a dishonourable action:
Disgrace in hindi– Apman
Directions (3-4): Read the following paragraph which is of Cloze test
We need to deregulate both our (3) and governmental procedures. The industry must flourish for economic growth. We must not view business and through its prosperity, with (4). Investigating agencies must not be used to throttle enterprises. Our taxing regime must be far more humane than it is today. Money in the hands of the private sector is often more efficiently used than by the government. Yet the state must garner adequate resources for providing infrastructure and public necessities. Digital technologies must be accessible to all to ensure equity. We must quickly bridge the gap between India and Bharat. Our obsession with a market-oriented distribution of public assets needs a re-look. Allocation of land, spectrum, minerals and other natural resources, if allocated through a competitive bidding process, has made our industry globally non-competitive. We need to put in place an alternative resource allocation mechanism in which the government is entitled to a share of the profit that industry garners. Further, high-interest rates have debilitated both industry and business. This is the main reason why enterprises cut corners and indulge in malpractices — reasons for the growing spiral of corruption. Our legal system is poor in quality. Our justice system must be made immune from external pressure. Corruption within our justice delivery system destroys the citizen’s confidence in the state. Our police and enforcement agencies must also be immune from external pressures.
3.

A. garrotte B. undulation C. mindset D. variation E. strangulate

Answer - Option C
Explanation - mindset – the established set of attitudes held by someone.
4.

A. swing B. choke C. effortless D. suspicion E. facile

Answer - Option D
Explanation - suspicion – a feeling or thought that something is possible, likely, or true.
5. To run away with a lover

A. Jauntily B. Elope C. Hallucination D. Stoicism E. Pedant

Answer - Option B
Explanation - To run away with a lover – Elope

Directions (1-2): Rearrange the following sentences in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph then answer the following questions.

• A. across healthcare, fashion, banking, eating out, booking movie tickets and finding a life partner
• B. We are going through some interesting times in India
• C. Our GDP is expected to grow at 7.5% in 2017-18, which is remarkable considering the global GDP growth is at 3.5%
• D. There are over 450 million Internet users in the country today — only 28% Internet penetration, 80% of this Internet consumption is through mobile phones that has led to a digital revolution in the country
• E. The Indian middle class with a higher disposable income is expected to double by 2025 to $550 million with rising Internet penetration
• F. This revolution has touched all aspects of the life of Indians:

1. Which is the Fourth sentence after Rearrangement?

A. E B. A C. C D. F E. D

Answer - Option D
Explanation - The Correct Sequence is BCEDFA
2. Which is the First sentence after Rearrangement?

A. C B. B C. E D. F E. D

Answer - Option B
Explanation - The Correct Sequence is BCEDFA
3. He went on sowing wild oats, he reaped suffering in his later life.

A. Inviting troubles as a boy B. Warning others as a young man C. Irresponsible pleasure seeking in young age D. Sowing grains called oats when young E. None of these

Answer - Option C
Explanation - Irresponsible pleasure seeking in young age
4. I don’t know why she has become stand-offish recently.

A. Angry B. Hilarious C. Indifferent D. Unmanageable E. None of these

Answer - Option C
Explanation - Indifferent
5. Four words are given below. Choose the pair of words that most nearly mean the SAME or OPPOSITE of each other.

A. Deception B. Delusion C. Hallucination D. Demolish

A. A-B B. A-C C. A-D D. B-C E. B-D

Answer - Option D
Explanation - 'Deception' means 'the act of deceiving someone'. 'Delusion' means 'an illusion or mistaken conviction'. 'Hallucination' means 'a false image or belief'. 'Demolish' means 'to destroy'. Thus clearly, 'delusion' and 'hallucination' are synonyms.