Description
Characterization is referred 'to put the specific trademark in a gathering on the premise of a specific regular quality in the middle of given words and after that detect the odd one out'. A hopeful needs to decide the components of different things and required to answer which one is odd one from the gathering.
There can be various types of patterns which can be found in Classification questions. Some of those patterns are: unique, ascertainable, non-imaginary and must not be present in odd-one option. While solving these questions, one should have basic awareness about general knowledge including Science, Geography, History, Mathematics etc.
Reasoning Ability -BANKING|SSC|RAILWAYS|INSURANCE|RECRUITMENT EXAMS – EBOOKS
Concept
Classification questions are based on five types. They are:
1. Choosing the odd word.
2. Choosing the odd pair of words.
3. Choosing the odd numeral.
4. Choosing the odd numeral pair/group.
5. Choosing the odd letter group.
1. Choosing the odd word:
In this, four words which are meaningful are given. These words can be found in dictionary. Based on the similarity, need to trace the odd one out among the group.
2. Choosing the odd pair of words:
This section consists of questions with four/five options. Each option has a pair of words which are meaningful and found in dictionary. Expect one option, all the other options of words maintain a similar relationship. So, it is required to find out the odd one out.
3. Choosing the odd numeral:
In this section, four/five options are given. Except one, all the other options share a common property. Need to find out the different one among them.
4. Choosing the odd numeral pair/group:
Here, certain pairs/groups of numbers are given. Out of these pairs/groups which all expect one are similar in some mode while one is different. Numbers in these pairs/groups may have same property or related to each other accordingly. Need to trace out the odd pair/group.
5. Choosing the odd letter group:
Here, four/five group of letters are given. Out of them three/four will be similar to each other and the fourth/fifth letter will be different from them. Need to find this letter out.
Model
Problems
Model 1: Choose the odd word among Platinum, Sapphire, Quartz, Granite.
Solution:
Given words are:
Platinum, Sapphire, Quartz, Granite.
Platinum, Sapphire, Quartz are precious stones used in making jewellery and granite a stone used in building purposes.
Model 2: Find out the odd pair of words if the given word-pairs are
1. Dermatitis : Skin, Gastritis : Stomach, Tuberculosis : Lungs, Malaria : Protozoa.
2. Lizard : Insects, Bears : Fish, Rabbit : Carrot, Fish : Plants, Cow : Hen.
3. Lorry : Driver, Aeroplane : Air, Rocket : Space, Ship : Sea.
Solution:
1. Given word pairs are:
Dermatitis : Skin, Gastritis : Stomach, Tuberculosis : Lungs, Malaria : Protozoa.
Here, First word is the name of disease while second word is the name of organism related to it. Out of four pairs, Malaria and protozoa are not common among them. So, Malaria : protozoa is the odd pair.
2. Given word pairs are:
Lizard : Insects, Bears : Fish, Rabbit : Carrot, Fish : Plants, Cow : Hen.
Here, Lizard, Bears, Rabbit, Fish eats Insects, fish, Carrot, plants respectively. Expect cow doesn't have Hen as food. So, Cow : Hen is different word pair.
3. Given word pairs are:
Lorry : Driver, Aeroplane : Air, Rocket : Space, Ship : Sea.
Here, First word is the means of transport while second one is the medium to them. Out of all, Lorry : Driver is the odd word pair.
Model 3: Pick the odd numeral out of given numbers?
1. 11, 13, 7, 3, 15.
2. 49, 81, 144, 225, 320.
3. 51, 64, 14, 66, 72.
Solution:
1. Given numbers are:
11, 13, 7, 3, 15.
Here, by studying the numbers, it is clear that 3, 7 , 11, 13 are prime numbers whereas 15 is not a prime since it is divisible more than twice.
2. Given numbers are:
49, 81, 144, 225, 320.
Here, Square root of 49 is 7,
Square root of 81 is 9,
Square root of 144 is 12,
Square root of 225 is 15,
There is no square root for 320. So, 320 is the odd numeral.
3. Given numbers are:
51, 64, 14, 66, 72.
Here, except 51 all the other numbers are even numbers. So, 51 is the odd and different number.
Model 4: Choose the odd one among the given numeral pairs?
1. 24 - 12, 32 - 20, 68 - 56, 72 - 68.
2. 72 : 9, 62 : 3, 25 : 5, 49 : 7, 12 : 4.
3. 2 (29) 5, 6 (85) 7, 3 (17) 4, 2 (20) 4.
Solution:
1. Given numeral pairs:
24 - 12, 32 - 20, 68 - 56, 72 - 68.
Here,
24 - 12 = 12
32 - 20 = 12
68 - 56 = 12
but 72 - 68 = 4
So, 72 - 68 is the odd numeral pair among the given numerals.
2. Given numeral pairs:
72 : 9, 62 : 3, 25 : 5, 49 : 7, 12 : 4.
Here, 72 is the multiple of 9
62 is not multiple of 3
25 is the multiple of 5
49 is the multiple of 7
12 is the multiple of 4
So, 62 : 3 is the different numeral pair.
3. Given numeral pairs:
2 (29) 5, 6 (85) 7, 3 (17) 4, 2 (20) 4.
Here,
2 (29) 5 - square of 2 is 4 and square of 5 is 25 and addition of 4 and 25 is 29.
6 (85) 7 - square of 6 is 36 and square of 7 is 49 and addition of 36 and 49 is 85.
3 (17) 4 - square of 3 is 9 and square of 4 is 16 and addition of 9 and 16 is 25. But it is given as 17.
2 (20) 4 - square of 2 is 4 and square of 4 is 16 and addition of 4 and 16 is 20.
Therefore, 3 (17) 4 is the odd numeral pair.
Model 5: Select the odd letter group from given groups?
1. EFG, MNO, UVW, IJK, PRS.
2. SITW, BAMP, COTRS, GHJKL, UVWCY.
3. ASUC, EFHI, MNPM, VWXA, CEFI.
Solution:
1. Given letter groups:
EFG, MNO, UVW, IJK, PRS.
Here, all the letter groups expect PRS, consists of three consecutive letters. So, PRS is the odd letter group.
2. Given letter groups:
SITW, BAMP, COTRS, GHJKL, UVWCY.
Here, Each and every group consists of a vowel except GHJKL group. So, GHJKL is the odd letter pair.
3. Given letter pairs:
ASUC, EFHI, MNPM, VWXA, CEFI.
Here, in MNPM pair the letter M is repeated twice. Whereas, other letter group has no repeated letter. So, MNPM is the odd letter pair.