Introduction
A Chemical Compound is defined as a chemical substance composed of many identical molecules (or molecular entities) composed of atoms from more than one element held together by chemical bonds. In simple terms, a compound is a substance made up of a definite proportion of two or more elements. With the help of Chemical formulas, one can check number of atoms and elements in the compound. Chemical Compounds and Common Names lists the different compounds, common names and chemical formulas.
Compounds
A Chemical Formula represents the proportions of atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound, using the standard abbreviations for the chemical elements, and subscripts to indicate the number of atoms involved. Chemical formulas provide detailed information about chemical substances, regarding how many and what atoms the chemical compound is made of, as well as the way the atoms are arranged.
Chemical Compounds - Common Names and Chemical Formulas.
| Chemical Name | Common Name | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Acetic acid | White vinegar | CH3COOH + H2O |
| Acetone | Acetone | CH3COCH3 |
| Acetylene | Ethyne | C2H2 |
| Acetylsalicylic acid | Aspirin | C9H8O4 |
| Aluminium | Aluminium | Al |
| Aluminium hydroxide | alumina hydrate | Al(OH)3 |
| Aluminium oxide | alumina | Al2O3 |
| Aluminium ammonium sulfate | ammonium alum | AlNH4(SO4)2 |
| Aluminium potassium sulfate | Alum, potassium aluminium sulphate | KAl(SO4)2 12H2O |
| Aluminium sulfate | Flocculating Powder | Al2(SO4)3 |
| Ammonia | Ammonia, Ammonium Hydroxide | NH3(aq); NH4OH |
| Ammonium bicarbonate | Salt of Hartshorn | (NH4)HCO3 |
| Ammonium bifluoride | Ammonium hydrogen fluoride | NH4HF2 |
| Ammonium bromide | NH4Br | |
| Ammonium carbonate | Smelling Salts, Salt of Hartshorn | (NH4)2CO3 |
| Ammonium chloride | Soldering Flux | NH4Cl |
| Ammonium nitrate | Ammonium Nitrate | NH4NO3 |
| Ammonium persulfate | Ammonium Peroxodisulfate | (NH4)2S2O8 |
| Ammonium phosphate | Fertilizer | (NH4)3PO4 |
| Ammonium sulfate | (NH4)2SO4 | |
| Amylose | Cornstarch | (C6H9O5)n |
| Argon gas | Ar | |
| Ascorbic acid | Vitamin C | C6H8O6 |
| Chemical Name | Common Name | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Barium carbonate | BaCO3 | |
| Barium sulfate | Lithopone | BaSO4 |
| Benzoyl peroxide | benzoic acid peroxide | C14H10O4 |
| Bismuth | Lead-free shot/sinkers | Bi |
| Bismuth subsalicylate | Pepto-Bismol | C7H5BiO4 |
| Boric acid | Ant/Roach Killer, boracic acid | H3BO3 |
| Bromothymol blue | pH Test | C27H28Br2O5S |
| Butane | Butane | C4H10 |
| Chemical Name | Common Name | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Caffeine | No-Doz | C8H10N4O2 |
| Cadmium sulfide | Cadmium Yellow | CdS |
| Calcium carbide | CaC2 | |
| Calcium carbonate | Limestone | CaCO3 |
| Calcium chloride | Laundry Aid/Road Salt/De-Icer | CaCl2 |
| Calcium hydroxide | Slaked Lime, garden lime | Ca(OH)2 |
| Calcium hypochlorite | Ca(ClO)2 | |
| Calcium nitrate | Norwegian saltpeter | Ca(NO3)2·4H2O |
| Calcium oxide | Lime, Quicklime | CaO |
| Calcium phosphate, monobasic | Superphosphate | Ca(H2PO4)2 |
| Calcium sulfate anhydrous | CaSO4 | |
| Calcium sulfate, hemihydrate | Plaster of Paris | CaSO4·1/2H20 |
| Camphor | C10H16O | |
| Carbon | Soot, Graphite, Graphene, Carbon nanotubes, Fullerenes, Diamond, Charcoal | C |
| Carbon dioxide | CO2 | |
| Carbonic acid | H2CO3 | |
| Cellulose | (C6H10O5)n | |
| Chromium oxide | Chrome Green | Cr2O3 |
| Citric acid | Sour Salt | C6H8O7 |
| Copper | Cu | |
| Copper naphthenate | Cupric naphthenate | Cu(C11H10O2)2 |
| Copper sulfate | Cupric sulfate | CuSO4 |
| Copper sulfate pentahydrate | Cupric sulfate | CuSO45H2O |
| Cyanuric acid | Isocyanuric acid | C3H3N3O3 |
| Chemical Name | Common Name | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Dextrose | Glucose, corn syrup | C6H12O6 |
| Dichloromethane | Methylene chloride | CH2Cl2 |
| Dimethyl sulfoxide | DMSO | (CH3)2SO |
| Chemical Name | Common Name | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Ethanol/ethyl alcohol | Everclear | C2H5OH |
| Ether | Diethyl ether, ethoxyethane | (C2H5)2O |
| Ethylene glycol | 1,2-ethanediol | CH2CH2CH2C6H3(OCH3)OH |
| Chemical Name | Common Name | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Formic acid | Methanoic acid | CH2O2 |
| Fructose | Fruit Sugar | C6H12O6 |
| Chemical Name | Common Name | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Glucose | Dextrose, corn syrup | C6H12O6 |
| Glycerin, glycerol | 1,2,3-propanetriol | C3H8O3 |
| Gold | Au | |
| Gum Arabic | Gum acacia | CH4O3S |
| Chemical Name | Common Name | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Helium | He | |
| Hexamine | Hexamethylenetetramine | C6H12N4 |
| Hydrogen gas | Hydrogen | H2 |
| Hydrochloric acid | Muriatic acid | HCl |
| Hydrofluoric acid | Glass Etching Solution | HF |
| Hypochlorous acid | Laundry Bleach | HClO |
| Hydroquinone | C6H6O2 | |
| Hydrogen peroxide | Peroxide | H2O2 |
| Chemical Name | Common Name | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Iodine | Iodide | I2 |
| Iron | Fe |
| Chemical Name | Common Name | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| kerosene | Aviation Fuel | CnH2n+1 (n=12–16) |
| Chemical Name | Common Name | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Lactic acid | Milk Acid | C3H6O3 |
| Lanthanum chloride | Lanthanum(III) chloride | LaCl3.n H2O |
| Latex | Liquid Latex Body Paint | C3H6O3 |
| Lead | Pb | |
| Lithium | Li |
| Chemical Name | Common Name | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Magnesium | Fire starter | Mg |
| Magnesium carbonate | Athlete's chalk | MgCO3 |
| Magnesium hydroxide | Milk of Magnesia | Mg(OH)2 |
| Magnesium silicate | Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Magnesium sulfate | Epsom Salt | MgSO47H2O |
| Magnesium chloride | Nigari or Lushui | MgCl2 |
| Manganese dioxide | Pyrolusite | MnO2 |
| Mercury | Quiksilver | Hg |
| Methane | Natural Gas | CH4 |
| Methanol | Methyl Alcohol | CH3OH |
| Methyl ethyl ketone | MEK | CH3COC2H5 |
| Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide | MEKP | C8H16O4 |
| Methyl isobutyl ketone | MIBK | CH3COCH2CH(CH3)2 |
| Methylene blue | Methadone | C16H18ClN3S |
| Methylene chloride | Dichloromethane | CH2Cl2 |
| Methyl salicylate | Oil of Wintergreen | C6H4(OH)COOCH3 |
| Chemical Name | Common Name | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Naphthalene | Moth balls | C10H8 |
| Nickel | Ni | |
| Nitrogen | Liquid nitrogen | N2 |
| Nitrous oxide | Laughing gas | N2O |
| Chemical Name | Common Name | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| oxalic acid | rust remover, non-chlorine bleach powder cleanser | C2H2O4 |
| oxygen | O2 |
| Chemical Name | Common Name | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Para-dichlorobenzene | Moth flakes | C6H4Cl2 |
| Paraffin | CnH2n+2 (n>19) | |
| Phenol | C6H5OH | |
| Phenolphthalein | C20H14O4 | |
| Phenol red | Phenolsulfonphthalein | C19H19SO5 |
| Phosphoric acid | pH Down | H3PO4 |
| Polystyrene | Casting resin | |
| Polyurethane foam | Mountains in Minutes | |
| Potassium aluminium sulfate | Alum, aluminium potassium sulfate | KAl(SO4)2·12H2O |
| Potassium bitartrate | Cream of Tartar | KHC4H4O6 |
| Potassium carbonate | Potash | K2CO3 |
| Potassium bromide | KBr | |
| Potassium chloride | Salt substitute | KCl |
| Potassium chromium sulfate | potassium chrome alum | KCr(SO4)2·12H20 |
| Potassium dichromate | K2Cr2O7 | |
| Potassium hydroxide | Caustic potash | KOH |
| Potassium iodide | Radiation Pills | KI |
| Potassium metabisulfite | Campden tablets | K2S3O5 |
| Potassium nitrate | Saltpeter | KNO3 |
| Potassium permanganate | Clearwater | KMnO4 |
| Potassium sodium tartrate | Rochelle salt | NaKC4H4O6 * 4H2O |
| Propane | C3H8 | |
| 2-propanol | Rubbing alcohol | CH3CHOHCH3 |
| Chemical Name | Common Name | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Silicon carbide | Carborundum | SiC |
| Silicon | Si | |
| Silicon dioxide | Sand, silica | SiO2 |
| Silver | Ag | |
| Sodium acetate | Hand Warmer | NaC2H3O2 |
| Sodium borate | Na2B4O710H2O | |
| Sodium bicarbonate | Baking Soda, Bicarbonate of Soda | NaHCO3 |
| Sodium bisulfate | pH Down | NaHSO4 |
| Sodium bromide | Hot Tub Salt | NaBr |
| Sodium carbonate | Washing soda, soda ash | Na2CO3 |
| Sodium chlorate | NaClO3 | |
| Sodium chloride | Salt | NaCl |
| Sodium fluoride | NaF | |
| Sodium hexametaphosphate | Sodium polymetaphosphate, Calgon water softener | (NaPO3)6 |
| Sodium hydroxide | Lye, Caustic Soda | NaOH |
| Sodium hypochlorite | Bleach | NaClO |
| Sodium nitrate | Chile saltpeter | NaNO3 |
| Sodium metabisulfite | Campden tablets | Na2S2O5 |
| Sodium percarbonate | Sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate | 2Na2CO3·3H2O2 |
| Sodium phosphate | Trisodium Phosphate | Na3PO4 |
| Sodium silicate | Water glass, egg preserver | Na2SiO3, Na2Si3O7 |
| Sodium sulfite | Na2SO3 | |
| Sodium sulfate | Na2SO4 | |
| Sodium tetraborate decahydrate | Borax | Na2B4O710H2O |
| Sodium thiosulfate | Hypo | Na2S2O3 |
| Stearic acid | candle hardener | C17H35CO2H |
| Steel | Nail (fasteners), stainless steel, ball bearings, steel wool | Fe alloyed with C and depending on type, possibly also Ni, B, V, Cr among others |
| Sucrose | Sugar | C12H22O11 |
| Sulfur (sulphur) | S | |
| Sulfuric acid | Vitriol, oil of vitriol | H2SO4 |
| Chemical Name | Common Name | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Tannic acid | Tannin | C76H52O46 |
| Tartaric acid | Wine preservative | C4H6O6 |
| Tetrachloroethylene | Tetrachloroethene | C2Cl4 |
| Thymolphthalein | Disappearing ink | C28H30O4 |
| Titanium dioxide | Titanium White | TiO2 |
| 1,1,1 trichloroethane | Cleaning fluid, degreaser | CCl3CH3 |
| 1,1,1,2 tetrafluoroethane | CF3CH2F | |
| Thiourea | Thiocarbamide | CS(NH2)2 |
| Toluene | Methylbenzene | C6H5CH3 |
| Trichloroethylene | Trichloroethene | CHClCCl2 |
| Tungsten | W |
| Chemical Name | Common Name | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Urea | Ice melter, fertilizer, carbamide | H2NCONH2 |
| Chemical Name | Common Name | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Water | H2O |
| Chemical Name | Common Name | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Xylene | Dimethylbenzene | C8H10 |
| Chemical Name | Common Name | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| zinc | zinc | Zn |
| zinc chloride | Tinner's Fluid, "killed acid" | ZnCl2 + H2O |
| zinc oxide | pompholyx | ZnO |
| zinc sulfate | zinc sulfate | ZnSO4 |