1. If the letters in each of the following five groups of letters are first rearranged in the alphabetical order and then the groups of letters so formed are rearranged as in a dictionary, which letter group would have its group of letters in the ''MIDDLE'' among the five letter groups?

A. LACK B. MEET C. ROAD D. DEAF

Answer: C
Explanation: Given words are: MEET, DEAF, ROAD, CODE, LACK
The letters of each word in alphabetical order are: MEET --- EEMT DEAF --- ADEF ROAD --- ADOR CODE --- CDEO LACK --- ACKL
Now, groups of letters so formed, are rearranged as in a dictionary: ACKL ----> ADEF ---> ADOR ---> CDEO ---> EEMT
Here, the latter group would have its group of letters in the ''MIDDLE'' (i.e., ADOR) is "ROAD"
2. If the letters of the word 'PROTECTION' which are at an odd-numbered position in the English alphabet are picked up and are arranged in alphabetical order from left and if they are now substituted by Z, Y, X and so on, beginning from the left which letter will get substituted by X?

A. E B. O C. T D. I

Answer: D
Explanation: Given word: P R O T E C T I O N
Position of these letters in the English alphabet : P -- 16, R -- 18, O -- 15, T -- 20, E -- 5, C -- 3, T -- 20, I -- 9, O -- 15, N -- 14
Letters at odd-numbered position = O, E, C, I, O
Letters at an odd-numbered position in alphabetical order = C E I O O
If they are now substituted by Z, Y, X, W, V, the letter "I" will get substituted by X.
3. If it is possible to make only one meaningful word with the second, fifth, eighth and the eleventh letters (when counted from left-hand side) of the word 'DEVELOPMENT', which would be the second letter of the word from the left? If more than one such word can be formed, give X as the answer. If no such word can be formed, give Z as your answer.

A. E B. L C. T D. X

Answer: A
Explanation: Given word: D E V E L O P M E N T
Positions : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
2nd, 5th, 8th, 11th letters are: E L M T
Only one meaningful word which can be formed with the letters "ELMT" is "MELT"
In the word "MELT", the second letter from the left = E
4. If in a certain Code BOOKLET is written as DSUSVQH , then how ANSWER written in that code ?

A. AQYFBP B. CRYEOD C. DERSDY D. BPZFPC

Answer: B
Explanation:
BOOKLET =>D (+2) S (+4) U (+6) S (+8) V (+10) Q (+12) H (+14)
=> CRYEOD
5. If the consonants in the word 'DROVE' are first arranged alphabetically and the vowels are put in between two pairs of consonants in the alphabetical order, which of the following will be the fourth from the right end after the rearrangement?

A. D B. E C. R D. O

Answer: B
Explanation: Given the word: 'DROVE'
In the given word, the consonants (in alphabetical order) are : D R V
and the vowels (in alphabetical order) are: E O
After putting vowels in between two pairs of consonants, the new arrangement is: D E R O V
Here, the fourth letter from the right end = "E"
6. In the following question, select the word which cannot be formed using the letters of the given word. ENCOURAGING

A. GRAIN B. RAGING C. GAUGE D. ENCOURAGE

Answer: D
Explanation: ‘ENCOURAGE’; there is no double ‘E’ in the given word.
7. In a row of cars, red car is 14th from left and 23rd from right. How many cars are there in the row?

A. 36 B. 37 C. 35 D. 34

Answer: A
Explanation: Total cars in the row = 14 + 23 –1 = 36
8. Which answer figure will complete the pattern in the question figure?

A. B. C. D.

Answer: A
9. Pointing to a woman, a girl says,” She is the mother of the only child of my father-in-law.” How is the woman related to the girl?

A. Mother-in-law B. Granddaughter C. Mother D. Cousin

Answer: A
10. Navjot starts moving towards the west. After covering some distance, he turns left and then takes a right. Which direction is he facing now?

A.South B.North C.West D.East

Answer: C
Explanation: He is facing towards the west.
11. Ten years ago, P was half of Q's age. If the ratio of their present ages is 3:4, what will be the total of their present ages?

A. 45 B. 40 C. 35 D. 30

Answer: C
Explanation: Let present age of P and Q be [latex] 3x and 4x [/latex]respectively
Ten years ago, P was half of Q's age
[latex]\Rightarrow (3x - 10) = \frac {1}{2} (4x - 10)[/latex]
[latex]\Rightarrow 6x - 20 = 4x - 10[/latex]
[latex]\Rightarrow 2x = 10[/latex]
[latex]\Rightarrow x = 5[/latex]
Total of their present ages
=[latex]3x + 4x = 7x = 7 \times 5 = 35[/latex]
12. A man's speed with the current is 15 km/hr and the speed of the current is 2.5 km/hr. The man's speed against the current is:

A. 8.5 km/hr B. 10 km/hr. C. 12.5 km/hr D. 9 km/hr

Answer: B
Explanation: Man's speed with the current = 15 km/hr
=> speed of the man + speed of the current = 15 km/hr
speed of the current is 2.5 km/hr
Hence, speed of the man = 15 - 2.5 = 12.5 km/hr
man's speed against the current = speed of the man - speed of the current
= 12.5 - 2.5 = 10 km/hr
13. The average age of a class of 22 students is 21 years. The average increased by 1 when the teacher's age also included. What is the age of the teacher?

A. 48 B. 45 C. 43 D. 44

Answer: D
Explanation: Total age of all students = [latex]22 \times 21[/latex]
Total age of all students + Age of the teacher = [latex]23 \times 22[/latex]
Age of the teacher
[latex]23 \times 22[/latex] - [latex]22 \times 21[/latex]
= 22 (23 - 21) = [latex]22 \times 2[/latex] = 44
14. A father said to his son, "I was as old as you are at the present at the time of your birth". If the father's age is 38 years now, what was the son's age five years back?

A. 20years B. 18years C. 14years D. 22years

Answer: C
Explanation: Let son's present age be [latex] x [/latex]
[latex](38 - x) = x [/latex]
[latex]\Rightarrow 2x = 38 [/latex]
[latex]\Rightarrow x = \frac {38}{2} = 19 [/latex]
Son's age 5 years back = 19 - 5 = 14
15. Ayisha's age is [latex] \frac {1}{{6}^{th}}[/latex] of her father's age. Ayisha's father's age will be twice Shankar's age after 10 years. If Shankar's eight birthdays was celebrated two years before, then what is Ayisha's present age.

A. 10 years B. 12 years C. 8 years D. 5 years

Answer:
Explanation: Shankar's present age = 8 + 2 = 10
Ayisha's father's age after 10 years = 2 (10 + 10) = 40
Ayisha's father's present age = 40 - 10 = 30
Ayisha's present age = [latex]\frac{1}{6}[/latex] × 30 = 5
Direction(16 - 20): Percentage of students enrolled in different activities in a School
Total no of students 4000

Percentage of no of boys involved in these activities out of total no of boys(2800)

16. What is the approximate % of Girls in the School ?

A. 20% B. 30% C. 34% D. 27%

Answer: B
Explanation: % = 4000 - [latex]\frac{2800}{4000}[/latex] × 100
= 1200 × [latex]\frac{100}{4000}[/latex] = 30%
17. What is the ratio of the number of boys enrolled in singing to that of girls enrolled in Singing. If % of boys enrolled in Singing is 4% less than the no of boys enrolled in Craft ?

A. 7:18 B. 3:17 C. 14:11 D. 21:4

Answer: C
Explanation: No of students enrolled in singing = [latex]20 \times \frac {4000}{100} = 800[/latex]
No of boys in singing = [latex]16 \times \frac {2800}{100} = 448[/latex]
No of girls in singing = 800 – 448 = 352
448 : 352 = 56 : 44 = 14 : 11
18. How many boys are enrolled in dancing and singing together, if the % of boys students enrolled in dancing is twice the % of total no of students enrolled in dancing?

A. 1400 B. 1278 C. 1370 D. 1460

Answer: A
Explanation: No of boys in dancing = [latex] 34 \times \frac {2800}{100} [/latex] = 952
No of boys in singing = 448
Total = 952 + 448 = 1400
19. What is the difference between the total no students enrolled in swimming to the no of girls enrolled in swimming, if the no of students enrolled in swimming is 10% more than the no of students enrolled in drawing ?

A. 432 B. 378 C. 624 D. 336

Answer: D
Explanation: No of students in swimming = 24 % = [latex]24 \times \frac {4000}{100} [/latex] = 960
No of girls in swimming = 960 – [latex] [2800 \times \frac {12}{100}] [/latex] = 960-336 = 624
Diff = 960 - 624 = 336
20. What is the total number of girls enrolled in drawing and craft together, If % of total no of students enrolled in Craft is twice the % of students enrolled in Drawing ?

A. 616 B. 345 C. 564 D. 712

Answer: A
Explanation: Girls in drawing & Craft = 560 - 504 + 1120 – 560 = 56 + 560 = 616
21. Two men on either side of a temple 75 m high observe the angles of elevation of the top of the temple to be 30° and 60° respectively. Find the distance between the two men.

A. 160 m B. 140 m C. 180 m D. 210 m

Answer: C
Explanation: Suppose height of the tower CD = x m
Let A and B be the points of observations.
And distance BC = y
tan A = [latex]\frac{5}{12}[/latex], tan B = [latex]\frac{3}{4}[/latex]
Now in right angle ∆BCD
tan B = [latex]\frac{CD}{BC}[/latex] ⇒ [latex]\frac{x}{y}[/latex] = [latex]\frac{3}{4}[/latex] --- (i)
Again in right angle ∆ ACD
tan A = [latex]\frac{CD}{AC}[/latex] ⇒ [latex]\frac{CD}{AB + BC}[/latex]
⇒ [latex]\frac{x}{192 + y}[/latex] + y = [latex]\frac{5}{12}[/latex] ---(ii)
Dividing (i) and (ii) we get,
[latex]\frac{x}{y}[/latex] × 192 + [latex]\frac{y}{x}[/latex] = [latex]\frac{3}{4}[/latex] × [latex]\frac{12}{5}[/latex]
⇒ [latex]\frac{192 + y}{y}[/latex] = [latex]\frac{9}{5}[/latex] ⇒ 9y = 5(192 + y)
9y - 5y = 960 ⇒ 5y = 960
y= 240
Putting the value of y in (i) we get
[latex]\frac{x}{240}[/latex] = [latex]\frac{3}{4}[/latex] ⇒ 4x = 720
x = 180
Hence height of the tower = 180m
22. If [latex]\frac{3}{4}[/latex] of a number is 7 more than [latex]\frac{1}{6}[/latex] of the number then [latex]\frac{5}{3}[/latex] of the number is?

A. 12 B. 18 C. 15 D. 20

Answer: D
Explanation: Let the number be x
⇒ According to the question,
⇒ [latex]\frac{3x}{4}[/latex] - [latex]\frac{x}{6}[/latex] = 7
⇒ [latex]\frac{(9x – 2x)}{12}[/latex] = 7
⇒ 7x = 7 × 12
⇒ x = 12
⇒ Then [latex]\frac{5}{3}[/latex] of the number will be
= [latex]\frac{(x × 5)}{3}[/latex] ⇒ [latex]\frac{(12 × 5)}{3}[/latex] = 20
23. If x = [latex]\frac{1}{(√2 + 1)}[/latex] then (x + 1) equal to?

A. √2+1 B. √2-1 C. √2 D. 2

Answer: C
Explanation: x=1/(√2+1)
Find (x + 1) = ?
⇒ x + 1 = [latex]\frac{1}{(√2 + 1)}[/latex] + 1
⇒ [latex]\frac{(√2 + 1 + 1)}{(√2 + 1)}[/latex]
⇒ [latex]\frac{(√2 + 2)}{(√2 + 1)}[/latex](√2+2)/(√2+1)
⇒ √2 [latex]\frac{(√2 + 1)}{(√2 + 1)}[/latex]
⇒ √2
24. What must be added to each term of the ratio 7 : 11, so as to make it equal to 3 : 4?

A. 8 B. 7.5 C. 6.5 D. 5

Answer: D
Explanation: [latex]\frac{A}{B}[/latex] = [latex]\frac{7}{11}[/latex] Given
Let x be added to both A & B
⇒[latex]\frac{ (7 + x)}{(11 + x)}[/latex] = [latex]\frac{3}{4}[/latex]
Cross multiply the equation
28 + 4x = 33 + 3x
x = 5
25.Sharma is 20% less efficient than Kelkar. If Kelkar can do a piece of work in 24 days. The number of days required by Sharma to complete the same work alone?

A. 20 B. 30 C. 28.8 D. Can’t be determined

Answer: B
Explanation: Efficiency sharma : keller 80 : 100 = 4 : 5 Time = 5 : 4 4p ---- 24 1p ---- 6 5p ---- 30 Sharma will complete in 30 days
26. Under the PMFBY, farmers need to pay a uniform premium of just _____ for the more rain-dependent kharif crops.

A. 4 % B. 3 % C. 2 % D. 2.5 %

Answer: C
Explanation: Under the PMFBY, farmers need to pay a uniform premium of just 2% for the more rain-dependent kharif crops.
27. Under the PMFBY, the premium to be paid by farmers will be ______ for annual commercial and horticultural crops.

A. 4 % B. 3 % C. 5 % D. 6 %

Answer: C
Explanation: Under the PMFBY, the premium to be paid by farmers will be 5% for annual commercial and horticultural crops.
28. International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), South Asia Regional Center (ISARC) located at the campus of National Seed Research and Training Center (NSRTC) in _________

A. Hyderabad B. Varanasi C. Bengaluru D. Chennai

Answer: B
Explanation: International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), South Asia Regional Center (ISARC) located at the campus of National Seed Research and Training Center (NSRTC) in Varanasi.
29. Electrometer measures …………………

A. Electric current of high magnitude B. Electric current of low magnitude C. Electricity D. electric power

Answer: C
Explanation: An electrometer is an electrical instrument for measuring electric charge or electrical potential difference.
30. Which of the following is used to view the objects above the sea level ?

A. Stroboscope B. Microscope C. Telesope D. Periscope

Answer: D
Explanation: Periscope is used to view the objects above the sea level
31. Stereoscope used to view the …………………… pictures

A. 1 dimensional B. 2 dimensional C. 3 dimensional D. All the above

Answer: B
Explanation: Stereoscope is a device by which two photographs of the same object taken at slightly different angles are viewed together, creating an impression of depth and solidity.
32. Which of the following model is a combination of the Iterative model and Waterfall model?

A. linear-sequential Model B. Spiral Model C. V Model D. None of the Above

Answer: B
33. SRS stands for ________

A. Software Resolution Specification B. Software Requirement Standards C. Software Response Service D. Software Requirements Specifications

Answer: A
34. Which of the following model is also referred to as a linear-sequential life cycle model?

A. Waterfall Model B. Iterative Model C. Spiral Model D. V Model

Answer: A
35. Rickets is a disease caused due to deficiency of …………

A. Vitamin D B. Calcium C. Vitamin B D. Both 1 and 2

Answer: D
Explanation: Rickets is defective mineralization or calcification of bones before epiphyseal closure in immature mammals due to deficiency or impaired metabolism of vitamin D, phosphorus or calcium, potentially leading to fractures and deformity. Rickets is among the most frequent childhood diseases in many developing countries.
36. ………..are made up of DNA and proteins

A. Chromosomes B. Chromophones C. Homophones D. Genes

Answer: A
Explanation: Chromosomes are thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells. Each chromosome is made of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
37. …………………… percentage of whole blood is blood plasma and is straw yellow in colour

A. 50 % B. 45 % C. 55 % D. 42 %

Answer: C
Explanation: Blood plasma is the pale yellow liquid component of blood that normally holds the blood cells in whole blood in suspension.This makes plasma the extracellular matrix of blood cells. It makes up about 55% of the body’s total blood volume.
38. Which of the following is the longest bone in the Human Body ?

A. Femur B. Ear Oscsicle C. Stapes D. Both 2 and 3

Answer: A
Explanation: The femur, or thighbone, is the largest bone in your body. The head of your femur fits into your hip socket and the bottom end connects to your knee. The two bones beneath your knee that make up your shin are your tibia and fibula
39. Which of the following contains Haemoglobin ?

A. Plasma B. Red Blood cells C. White Blood cells D. Platelets

Answer: B
Explanation: Haemoglobin is an iron-containing protein in red blood cells.Haemoglobin carries oxygen around the body and without enough of it your muscles and organs don’t get all the oxygen they need.
40. Which of the following disease is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin B1 ?

A. Beriberi B. Pellagra C. Biotin D. Scurvy

Answer: A
Explanation: Beriberi, a nutritional disorder caused by a deficiency of thiamin (vitamin B 1) and characterized by impairment of the nerves and heart. General symptoms include loss of appetite and overall lassitude, digestive irregularities, and a feeling of numbness and weakness in the limbs and extremities.
41. A change of state directly from solid to gas without changing into liquid state is called:

A. Fusion B. Sublimation C. Diffusion D. Emulsion

Answer: B
42. Water at 273 K is less effective in cooling than ice at the same temperature. It is because :

A. water is difficult to handle B. water at 273 K has less energy than ice at the same temperature C. water at 273 K has more energy than ice at the same temperature D. water is not a cooling agent

Answer: C
43. Which one of the following is not a colloid?

A. Milk B. Mud C. Butter D. Boric acid

Answer: D
Explanation: Crystals form pure solution while colloids don’t
44. Which one of the following statements is not correct?

A. Graphite is a non-metal B. Graphite is an allotrope of carbon C. Graphite is a conductor of electricity D. Graphite has a tetrahedral structure

Answer: D
Explanation: Graphite is carbon, allotrope, non metal, 1 and 2 easily true Conductor of electricity – reason for its widespread use It’s hexagonal – 6th std science
45. Arrange the following substances in their order of increasing hardness: 1. Gypsum 2. Topaz 3. Fluorite 4. Feldspar

A. 4-3-2-1 B. 1-3-4-2 C. 3-4-2-1 D. 1-4-3-2

Answer: B
46. Ojapali is famous dance of ………………

A. Uttar Pradesh B. Assam C. Vihar D. Rajasthan

Answer: B
Explanation: Ojapali is a traditional folk dance from the Assam region of India. Ojapali is believed to have evolved from puppetry and is performed in a group.
47. …………… is a famous dance of Bihar

A. Pobir B. Panthi C. Lagui D. Purbi

Answer: D
Explanation: Purbi is a dance Performed by women to invoke rain in Bihar. Faguna or Fag Performed at the time of ripening of fruit.
48. “Sound of the Underground” was the first No. 1 for which group?

A. Rednex B. Scaffold C. Wham D. Girls Aloud

Answer: D
49. “Four Weddings and a Funeral” made which song a No. 1?

A. Yellow Submarine B. Love is All-Around C. Without You D. Mr Blobby

Answer: B
50. The famous painter Vincent van Gogh belonged to which country?

A. Spain B. The Netherlands C. Italy D. France

Answer: B
51. ‘Madhubani’ a style of folk paintings, is popular in which of the following states in India?

A. Bihar B. Madhya Pradesh C. West Bengal D. Rajasthan

Answer: A
52. How many lines does a Shakespearean sonnet have

A. 8 B. 10 C. 13 D. 14

Answer: D
53. Who is the writer of the book 'Robinson Crusoe"

A. Which one is the world's longest novel B. A Suitable Boy C. L'Astrée D. Remembrance of Things Past

Answer: D
54. Sultan Azlan Shah Cup is related to which among the following Sports?

A. Badminton B. Hockey C. Table Tennis D. Golf

Answer: B
Explanation: The Sultan Azlan Shah Cup is an annual international men’s field hockey tournament held in Malaysia. It began in 1983 as a biennial contest. The tourn
55. Sachin Tendulkar hit his 100th international century against which among the following team?

A. Sri Lanka B. Bangladesh C. Pakistan D. South Africa

Answer: B
56. Which of the following committee was appointed by the Central Government on Union-State relations in 1983?

A. Sarkariya commission B. Dutt commission C. Setalvad commission D. Rajamannar commission

Answer: A
57. Which of the following taxes are levied by the Union but are collected and appropriated by the states?

A. Stamp duties B. Excise duties on medical and toilet materials C. Sales tax D. Both A and B

Answer: D
58. National Education Policy was introduced in ………

A. 1968 B. 1986 C. 1996 D. none

Answer: A
59. The low level of Literacy rate hinders the ………………… development of a country

A. Industrial B. Agricultural C. Economic D. none

Answer: C
60. World Literacy Day is celebrated on ……………

A. 8th September B. 2nd October C. 15th July D. none

Answer: A
61. What was India’s rank in the Ease of Doing Business Index 2019?

A. 104th B. 96th C. 77th D. 59th

Answer: C
Explanation: As per the 2019 Report, India jumped 23 places on the Ease of Doing Business Index to 77th rank, up from 100th rank last year. This year, India’s Distance to Frontier score improved to 67.23 from 60.76 in the previous year.
62. The world’s tallest statue has been built in which country?

A. India B. Nepal C. US D. Japan

Answer: A
Explanation: Prime Minister Narendra Modi unveiled the ‘statue of unity’, a bronze statue of India’s first deputy prime minister, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel at Kevadia in Gujarat's Narmada district, India. The structure is double the size of the Statue of Liberty in New York City in the United States.
63. The 22nd All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) will be set up in which state, as per the Interim Budget 2019-20?

A. Haryana B. Punjab C. Telangana D. Rajasthan

Answer: A
Explanation: There are 21 All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) functioning currently in India. Of these 21, 14 AIIMS were set up under the present government. The 22nd AIIMS will come up in Haryana.
64. As per the Interim Budget 2019-20, Individual tax payers with taxable income of up to what amount will get full tax rebate from now on?

A. Rs 3 lakh B. Rs 5 lakh C. Rs 7 lakh D. Rs 9 lakh

Answer: B
Explanation: Individual tax payers with taxable income of up to Rs 5 lakh will get full tax rebate from now on. Those earning Rs 6.5 lakh will not have to pay tax, if they invested in specified savings such as PF, PPF, etc.
65. The Constitution (103rd Amendment) Act, 2019 provides what percentage of reservation quota for the economically weaker sections in the general category?

A. 7 percent B. 8.5 percent C. 10 percent D. 15 percent

Answer: C
Explanation: The Constitution (103rd Amendment) Act, 2019, the Act providing 10 percent reservation in government jobs and educational institutions to Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) of General Category, came into effect on January 14, 2019.
66. “Parliamentary Government” is also known as....

A. Cabinet Government B. Responsible Government C. Westminster forms of government D. All of the above

Answer: D
Explanation: The Parliamentary Government is also known as cabinet government or Responsible Government responsible and Westminster forms of government and is prevalent in Britain, Japan Canada, India and other countries.
67. Which of the following characteristics is not related to Parliamentary Government?

A. Resolution of the lower house B. Collective liability C. The leadership of the Prime Minister D. Single Executive

Answer: D
Explanation: Features of the parliamentary system are Dual Executive, majority party rule, collective responsibility, political homogeneity, double membership, the leadership of Prime Minister, dissolution of lower and house fusion of power.
68. Which of the following is not the merit of the Presidential System?

A. Permanent Government B. Confirmation in policies C. Limited Representation D. Government by experts

Answer: C
Explanation: Features of presidential system are: single executive, non-responsibility, political homogeneity may not exist, domination of president, no dissolution power of lower house and separation of powers.
69. Which of the following is a demerit of the Parliamentary System?

A. Compressed representation B. Uncertainty of policies C. Temporary Government D. All of the above

Answer: D
Explanation: All of the above are demerits of the Parliamentary System.
70. Which of the following statements is not correct?

A. According to the 42nd and the 44th amendment, it is compulsory for the president to comply with the advice of the Council of Ministers. B. Presidential System is based on a double executive. C. According to Article 74, the Council of Ministers works under the leadership of the Prime Minister. D. Article 74 and 75 provides parliamentary system in the center.

Answer: B
Explanation: Presidential System is based on single executive.
71. Which of the following characteristics is not related to the Presidential System?

A. Governance of the Prime Minister B. Single Executive C. Single Membership D. Dissolution of lower house is baned

Answer: A
Explanation: Presidential System is the Governance of the President.
72. What is the type of Indian economy?

A. Socialist B. communist C. Capitalist D. Mixed

Answer: D
Explanation: The planners of Indian Economy adopted the concept of mixed economy. A mixed economy is consists of private and public sectors.
73. Which of the following statement is not correct about 'Bombay Plan'?

A. The Bombay Plan is also called the 'Tata Bida Plan' B. It was started in 1944 C. Its draft was prepared by the John Mathai D. There were 10 members in this plan

Answer: C
Explanation: There was a total of 8 members in the Bombay plan i.e.J.R.D. Tata, Ghanshyamadas Birla, Kasturbhai Lalbhai, Sir Purushottamdas Thakurdas, Sir Shriram, Sir ardishar Dalal, A.D. Shroff, and Dr. John Mathai.
74. When was 'Gandhian plan' started?

A. 1944 B. 1952 C. 1934 D. 1948

Answer: A
Explanation: 'Gandhian plan' was inspired by the economic thoughts of the Mahatma Gandhi. It was constructed by the Sri man Narayan in 1944.
75. Who was the author of the Book 'Planned Economy of India'?

A. M. Visvesvaraya B. Dada Bhai Nairobi C. Bhim Rao Ambedkar D. Jawaharlal Nehru

Answer: A
Explanation: Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya was Diwan of Mysore from 1912 to 1918. He received India's highest honor, the Bharat Ratna, in 1955. He wrote the book "Planned Economy for India" in 1934.
76. Which of the following is not matched correctly?

A. First Five Year Plan: 1951-56 B. Third Five Year Plan: 1961-66 C. Seventh Five Year Plan:1980-85 D. Tenth Five Year Plan: 2002-07

Answer: C
Explanation: Seventh Five Year Plan was launched during the period of 1985 to 1990. This plan was started by Rajiv Gandhi government when Dr. Manmohan Singh was Deputy Chairman of the planning commission.
77. Which of the following statements is not correct?

A. There is no constitutional provision in India about the Planning Commission B. The planning commission was established in January 1951 C. National Development Council was established in August 1952 D. Jawaharlal Nehru was the first chairman of the Planning Commission

Answer:
Explanation: National Development Council was established on 15 March 1950. In his first Independence Day speech in 2014, Prime Minister Modi announced his intention to dissolve the Planning Commission. It has since been replaced by a new institution named NITI Aayog.
78. Which of the following statements is not correct?

A. The first five-year plan was launched from 1st April 1951 B. Dr. Rajendra Prasad was the first chairman of the Planning Commission of India C. The National Development Council used to give final approval to the Five Year Plan D. The first five-year plan was based on the Harrod- Domar model

Answer: B
Explanation: Prime Minister of India is the ex-officio chairman of the planning commission, so Jawahar Lal Nehru was the first chairman of the planning commission of India.
79. Who are human rights for?

A. People B. Animals C. Governments D. Other

Answer: A
80. When were human rights created?

A. Yesterday B. 1928 C. 1948 D. 28 AD

Answer: C
81. The Election Commission of India is not concerned with the elections of /to the :

A. President B. Vice President C. Panchayats and Municipalities in the State D. All of the above

Answer: C
Explanation: The Election Commission has the power of superintendence, direction and control of elections to the Parliament, State legislatures, President and Vic
82. Article 123 of the Indian Constitution provides for:

A. The Ordinance Making power of the President B. Advisory Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court C. Special Status of Jammu and Kashmir D. An Election Commission to hold free and fair elections in the country.

Answer: A
83. Which of the following writs literally means ‘We Command’ ?

A. Habeas Corpus B. Mandamus C. Quo Warranto D. Certiorari

Answer: B
Explanation:
84. What is the share of Government of India in NABARD?

A. 50% B. 51% C. 75% D. 99%

Answer: D
Explanation: The National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) was established in 1982. RBI had sold its stake and now the Government of India (GOI) has 99 percent in it. It was established to provide credit for the promotion of the agriculture, SSI and Cottage and village industry. It is an apex bank for agriculture. Its finances are available to SLDBs, SCBs (state cooperative banks), scheduled commercial banks, and RRBs. It can take loans for GOI, World Bank, and Asian development bank (ADB).
85. In which year Food Safety and Standards Act was enacted in India?

A. 2004 B. 2005 C. 2006 D. 2007

Answer: C
Explanation: The Food Safety and Standards Act was passed in 2006 but came into force in 2011.
86. Which among the following is not a correct pair?

A. Ellora Caves – Rastrakuta Rulers B. Mahabalipuram – Pallava Rulers C. Khajuraho – Chandellas D. Elephanta Caves – Mauyra Era

Answer: D
87. Which among the following Kavya of Sanskrit, deal with court intrigues & access to power of Chandragupta Maurya?

A. Mrichhakatika B. Ritusamhara C. Kumarasambhava D. Mudrarakshahsa

Answer: D
88. On which of the following systems of Hindu Philosophy, Shankaracharya wrote commentary in 9th century AD?

A. Sankhya B. Vaisheshika C. Yoga D. Uttarmimansa

Answer: D
89. The eighth-century tripartite power struggle was among which of the following?

A. Cholas, Rastrakutas and Yadavas, B. Chalukyas, Pallavas, and Pandyas C. Cholas, Pandyas, and Chalukyas D. Chalukyas, Pallavas, and Yadavas

Answer: B
90. Which among the following is not correct?

A. The capital of Pandya was Madurai B. The capital of Cheras was Vanchi C. Capital of the Videha Kingdom – Mithila D. Capital of Gahadwal Dynasty – Kannauj

Answer: C
91. Which king started the organization of Kumbh fair at Allahabad?

A. Harshavardhana B. Dhruvasena Ii C. Narshimhvarman D. Akabar

Answer: A
92. Upnishads are books on :

A. Politics B. Philosophy C. Medicine D. Social life

Answer: B
93. Who was the first Indian ruler who had territory outside India?

A. Ashoka B. Chandragupta Maurya C. Kanishka D. Huvishka

Answer: C
94. Which of the following statement is wrong?

A. Sunga dynasty was founded by pushyamitra B. Ashoka the great Mauryan king died in 332 BC C. Ashoka invaded the Kalinga in 261 BC D. Chandragupta Maurya earned the title of the Liberator

Answer: B
95. Who among the following was worshipped during Early Vedic Civilization?

A. Varuna B. Indra C. Surya D. All the above

Answer: D
96. Where were the hymns of Rigveda composed?

A. Punjab B. Gujarat C. Rajasthan D. Uttar Pradesh

Answer: A
97. Which among the following is a place in Larkana district of Sind province in Pakistan?

A. Alamgirpur B. Harappa C. Rangapur D. Mohenjo-Daro

Answer: D
98. What led to the end of Indus Valley Civilization?

A. Invasion of Aryans B. Recurrent Floods C. Earthquakes D. All the above

Answer: D
99. Who was the main male God worshipped by Indus people?

A. Lord Vishnu B. Vishnu C. Brahma D. Indra

Answer: A
100. Which empire lasted the longest among the following?

A. The Palas B. The Pratiharas C. The Rashtrakutas D. The Senas

Answer: C
101. In which year, the Danish East India Company was formed?

A. 1614 B. 1615 C. 1616 D. 1617

Answer: C
Explanation: In 1616 AD, the Danish East India Company was formed and they established their settlements at Tranquebar in Tamilnadu (1620) and Serampur in Bengal (1676). Though they failed to strengthen themselves in India and finally at the beginning of the [latex]{19}{th}[/latex] century, they sold all their settlements to the British and went back to their country.
102. Which among the following Viceroys was associated with the ‘Ilbert Bill Controversy’?

A. Lord Curzon B. Lord Lytton C. Lord Ripon D. Lord Hardinge

Answer: C
103. Subhash Chandra Bose was re-elected the President of INC at the Tripuri Session in 1939 by defeating Gandhiji’s candidate:

A. Dr. Rajendra Prasad B. J.B.Kriplani C. J.B.Kriplani D. Nellie Sengupta

Answer: C
104. Who among the following attended all the three Round Table Conferences held in London: 1. Mahatma Gandhi 2. Dr. B.R.Ambedkar 3. Tez Bahadur Sapru 4. Chittaranjan Das

A. 2 and 3 B. 2 and 4 C. 2, 3 and 4 D. All of them

Answer: A
105. In the tenure of which Governor-General an attempt was made for the first time to codify Hindu and Muslim customary laws?

A. Lord Cornwallis B. Warren Hastings C. William Bentinck D. Charles Metcalfe

Answer: B
106. Consider the following statement(s) related to Geological Structure of India. I. Sedimentary rocks are found in the land formed by deposition of sediments from which fertile soil is made e.g., the Gangetic plain. II. In the Jurassic period, Gondwanaland was broken up into peninsular India, Madagascar, and Australia, Antarctica, etc.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?

A. Only I B. Only II C. Both I and II D. Neither I nor II

Answer: C
107. Which of the following is not one of the Eras of the Earth geological structure?

A. Azoic (Non-living era) B. Paleozoic C. Mesozoic D. Cambrian

Answer: D
108. Which of the following is the era of the origin of the continental shelf?

A. Neozoic era B. Paleozoic C. Mesozoic D. Cambrian

Answer: B
109. Which one of the following statements is not correct?

A. Trophic levels are the energy levels within the food B. In deep oceans, primary production is almost high C. The primary consumers are called autotrophs are the primary consumer D. The decomposers are called saprotrophs are decomposer

Answer: C
110. Which of the following related to the state of inactivity adopted by desert animals during the hottest and driest season?

A. Basal metabolism B. Dormancy C. Aestivation D. Hibernation

Answer: C
111. Which one of the following statements is correct about biotic resources and abiotic resources?

A. They are non-renewable and all the biotic resources are renewable B. All the abiotic resources are non-renewable but some of the biotic resources are non-renewable C. Some of the abiotic resources are renewable but the biotic resources are renewable D. Some of the abiotic resources are renewable and some of the biotic resources are non-renewable

Answer: B
112. Which of the following reason is famous for the endangered Ridley turtles ?

A. Gahirmatha B. Sagarmatha C. Lakshadweep islands D. Andaman and Nicobar group of islands

Answer: A
113. Which of the following are the highlights of the ‘Rally for Valley’ program in India?

A. Environmental degradation B. Biodiversity C. Resettlement of displaced people D. Loss of agricultural

Answer: A
Explanation:
114. Which of the following is the first research project program that focused on the El Nino-Southern Oscillation and its predictability?

A. Climate Variability and Predictability B. Global Energy and Water Cycle- Experiment (GEWEX) C. Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystem (GCTE) D. Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere (TOGA)

Answer: A
115. Which of the following ministry monitered the functions of the National River Conservation Directorate ?

A. Agriculture Ministry B. Environment and Forests Ministry C. Science and Technology Ministry D. Water Resources Ministry

Answer: B
116. Which of the following countries are divided by the Durand Line?

A. Afghanistan and Pakistan B. India and Pakistan C. India and China D. India and Burma

Answer: A
117. Which of the following countries are divided by McMohan line?

A. India and Pakistan B. India and China C. ndia and Bangladesh D. Pakistan and ChinaSea

Answer: B
118. Which of the following Indian state touches the boundaries of the maximum number of other States?

A. Andhra Pradesh B. Bihar C. Madhya Pradesh D. Uttar Pradesh

Answer: D
119. Which of the following cities are called the twin cities?

A. Delhi and Faridabad B. Mumbai and Pune C. Hyderabad and Secunderabad D. Bangalore and Mysore

Answer: C
120. Which State is called the sugar bowl of India?

A. Uttar Pradesh B. Chhattisgarh C. Andhra Pradesh D. Bihar

Answer: A
121. Tumkur, where Geological Survey of India has found indications of Gold Reserves, is located in which among the following states?

A.Andhra Pradesh B.Karnataka C.Tamil nadu D.Maharatsra

Answer: B
122. At which among the following places, Brahamputra takes a U-turn at the time of entering into India?

A. Kula Kangri B. Lunpo Gangri C. Namcha Barwa D. Noijin Kangsang

Answer: C
123. How many states of India share its border with Bhutan?

A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5

Answer: C
Explanation: Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, West Bengal & Sikkim
124. Which among the following is least densely populated?

A.Maldives B.Mauritius C.Bhutan D.Nepal

Answer: C
125. Which of the following country is the largest producer of Uranium?

A. Australia B. Canada C. Russia D. France

Answer: B

Q1. Write essays on any four of the following in about 300 words each: (20 x 4 = 80)
a. Essay Environmental Pollution
b. Essay Modern Polity
c. Global Impacts of Recession
d. Newspaper
e. Education
f. Women Empowerment
Q2. Write arguments for and against each of the following statements: (20 x 2 = 40)
a. business ethics.
b. The death penalty
Q3. Write reports on the following in about 200 words each:
a. blood donation camp...
b. the Independence Day celebration
Q4. Attempt a précis of the given passage in one-third of its length. Do not suggest a title. Write, as far as possible, in your own words. The précis must be written only in the précis-format given below: (15)
We all know what we mean by a "good" man. The ideally good man does not drink or smoke, avoids bad language, converses in the presence of men only exactly as he would if there were ladies present, attends church regularly and holds the correct opinion on all subjects. He has a wholesome horror of wrong-doing and realizes that it is our painful duty to castigate sin. He has a still greater horror of wrong thinking and considers it the business of the authorities to safeguard the young against those who question the wisdom of the views generally accepted by middle-aged successful citizens. Apart from his professional duties, at which he is assiduous, he spends much time in good works: he may encourage patriotism and military training; he may promote industry, sobriety, and virtue among wage earners and their children by seeing to it that failures in these respects receive due punishment; he may be a trustee of a university and prevent an ill-judged respect for learning from allowing the employment of professors with subversive ideas. Above all, of course, his "morals" in the narrow sense must be irreproachable. (189 words)
Q5. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow: (4 x 5 = 20)
Directions (1-5): A passage is given with 5 questions following it. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives and click the button corresponding to it.
The function of education is to prepare young people to understand the whole process of life. The end of education is not merely to pass some examinations and get a job and earn one’s livelihood. If education is to make people understand life, then surely life is not merely a job or an occupation; life is something extraordinarily wide and profound, it is a great mystery, a vast realm in which we function as human beings. If we prepare ourselves only to earn a livelihood, we shall miss the whole point of life. To understand life is much more important than to get a degree or pass an examination for a job. Life, with all its subtleties, is such a vast expanse. It has its extraordinary beauty, its sorrows, and joys. It also has its hidden things of the mind such as envies, ambitions, passions, fears, fulfilments, and anxieties. The birds, the flowers, the flourishing trees, the heavens, the stars, the rivers, and the fishes therein – all this is life. When we are young we must seek and find out what life is all about. Thus we cultivate intelligence with the help of education. Intelligence is the capacity to think freely, without fear, without a formula, so that we begin to discover for ourselves what is real and what is true. Anyone who is gripped with fear will never be intelligent. Most of us have fear in one form or another. Where there is fear there is no intelligence. Thus what education should do is help us understand the need for freedom. Unless we are free we will not understand the whole process of living. When we are free we have no fear. We do not imitate but we discover.
i. What is the effect of fear on humans?
ii. The aim of education is to make us realise the need of __________ .
iii. When we are young we should __________ .
iv. Education helps us realize the ___________ .
v. The passage is about __________ .
Q6. (a) Rewrite the sentences as directed: (1 x 10 = 10) i. The teacher said to me, “Are you not ashamed of telling a lie ?" (Change into indirect speech)
ii. She has been waiting to hear from her husband.(change from active to passive voice)​
iii. Few students knew the answer,____________? (Put a question tag)
iv. Your father is the man to solve this problem. (Change into a complex sentence)
v. Shakuntalam is understood to be the best drama in Sanskrit. (Change to comparative degree without changing the meaning)
vi. As soon as he came, he made objections. (Rewrite using "No sooner ...")
vii. The writer is evidently enamoured__________ the subject. (Fill in the blank with the correct preposition)
viii. My neighbor is very rich. He can buy whatever he wants. (Combine the sentences using "enough")
ix. We seldom see_______ as others see us. (Fill in the blank using a reflexive pronoun)
x. If I_______the Principal of the college, I would allow no indiscipline. (Fill in the blank us the correct form of the verb 'be')
(b) Use the following words and phrases in sentences of your own so as to bring out their meaning clearly : (2 x 5 = 10) i. Go along with
ii. Look over
iii. Put back
iv. Hand in
v. Had fallen through
(c) Correct the following sentences without making any unnecessary changes : (1 x 5 = 5) i. I bid him to hold his tongue.
ii. More than one person was killed in the accident.
iii. Not a word they spoke to the unfortunate wife about it.
iv. The poor villagers have waited in the bitter cold for more than four hours now.
v. If he had time he will call you.
Q1. Answers:
c. Global Impacts of Recession: The advancement of technology and globalization has led the individual national economies under one roof of the global economy. The economic gain or loss experienced by developed economy makes a deep impact globally. The era from 2002 to 2007, the developed economies were enjoying the growth period so as the world economy. The global managers and reputed funds estimated the growth to continue at a double pace from there too. In order to earn a competitive edge over other and to gain supremacy, every economic participant doubled their operations capacity without taking sufficient risk measures, which ultimately resulted in ‘Recession-A curse to the economy’
The prevailing recession in the world economy started with the famous US Sub-Prime Crisis. This crisis in their probation period was the hint to the economy reformist for the upcoming problem they are likely to face. But they failed to crack the hint and in their accordance, it was not so big to tackle. This crisis also resulted in a recession which had a very adverse impact on the world as a whole.
Firstly, it led to closures of big financial institutes & banks which were operating from centuries. Lehman brothers propounded by two brothers in 1875 filled his bankruptcy because of this crunch. DSP Merrill Lynch operating from the last 50 decades had to shut its shutter because of the credit crunch. Citi Group, Bear Sterner, AIG, JP Morgan are some other institutes which got deteriorated in this recession storm. The problem doesn't stop here. The failure of these institutions created the problem of credit for the industry and business which require a huge amount of credit to finance their operations. As a result, the running companies found themselves in a suffocating environment of the viscous circle.
Secondly, there was a loss of confidence. For the smooth running of trade & business mutual trust and keen confidence is a must in the market. Recession in the market led to the loss of confidence among members. As a result, it led to the suspension of the contracts & agreements between the parties. Realtors & the infrastructure companies were the major losers on this ground. Many land deals, acquisitions deteriorated and consequently resulted in big losses to the companies.
Thirdly, unemployment came as a very devastating consequence of the recession. The shut down of the institutions and big concerns resulted in job loss of thousands of skilled and semi-skilled personals. The problem doubles itself as the new entrants enter the market. The situation is very adverse and pitiful as the potential & substantial resource of the country remains idle.
Because of the unemployment, the resource which is a contributor to the growth becomes the consumer & hurdle of the growth.
The Growth and the Recession, both are like two side of the coin, the which way it going to spins no one knows. But we should take enough measures to take care of both situations. Future is unpredictable, so every economy should have a suitable risk management scheme to deal with such a devastating problem.
d. Competitive Exams Essay: A Newspaper Is Always A Weapon In Someone's Hands: By a definition given in The Spectator, a British newspaper, the chief role of a newspaper is to spread intelligence Intelligence may be defined as information, news, especially that related to important events. The importance of newspapers cannot be underestimated in a democracy. They act as a watch for the people. They are responsible for enlightening people about various events and their importance. The role that a newspaper plays as an educator for the people makes it one of the important pillars supporting the superstructure of democracy. That is wh press is called the fourth estate along with the legislature, the executive and the judiciary.
Newspaper not only informs people about events by reporting them as news but also analyses news and presents it as editorials, comments and lead articles. These analyses are carried by editors and columnists. What they present is their own viewpoint and the way they judge an event, a happening, etc. In fact, a newspaper's articles thinking are nothing but the editor's line of thinking. However, this bias is not harmful as long as the objective of the editor or the columnist remains unmotivated by extraneous considerations. For interpreting a fact that is news, a number of viewpoints can be given and there is nothing wrong in a healthy discussion.
However, the interpretation and analysis should be done objectively and rationally. The aims should be disseminating knowledge and not propaganda. However, due to various types of pressures and pulls, we find that objectivity and rationality are being compromised by the newspapers and instead they are appearing to become pawns in big games of money and power.
The biggest pressure that newspapers face today is the pressure from the administration. In India, the administration holds the life to press by supplying them with concessional newsprint. Also, government notices, circulars and advertisements are important sources of revenue for a newspaper. The administration uses this relation to pressurize newspapers not to print the misdeeds, abuse of power and authority by it. Use of various rules and regulations is made both in peacetime and troubled times to harass the newspapers. Another source of pulls and pressures is the big advertisers and businessmen. They are. The biggest source of revenue to the newspapers without which they cannot even run. So, in this way, they are the most important guarantors of the newspaper's independence. However, where they try to misuse their cloud be pressurizing newspapers into publishing favorable reports and hiding their mis-endeavors and misdeeds, they become a challenge to the integrity of the newspapers. Especially when potential investors read nowadays, annual reports and financial estimates and take their decisions on that basis, a report in the newspaper may make or mar a company's fortune. So, newspapers may be forced by big businessmen in distorting the facts by their interpretation and explanation.
Today when he has become old, he wants the youngsters to follow the same life, the same values that he did when he was young. Little does he realize that by trying to do so he is trying to fit a man into. a coat and not coat onto a man. So many changes have taken place so fast that the generation of today follows an entirely different set of rules from those followed by the generation of yesterday. Today, young men have no time to sit to share small joys and sorrows with others. They are to go to one or maybe two jobs in the day. In the evening, they are to go to the health club. The night time is party time. In the jet age of today, a man may be taking his breakfast in Delhi and lunch in Cairo and Dinner in New York. When he sits down to rest, he is too tired to know what others are up to. The result is that he is unable to cultivate relationships. He becomes lonely in the vast concrete jungles of the cities. Loneliness and lack of love may drive a man towards drug and alcohol, in fact, in alcoholism has taken alarming proportions.
The result of such a rapid pace of modernization is that while old people are finding it difficult to adjust to the changed lifestyle, the young people are unable to accede to the old people's demand. Today, a young man doesn't go to the old for solving some problem, he has no value for their advice and wisdom. He thinks that money can solve everything. Money has become a deciding factor in his relationships. He thinks that if he has money, he will have all the pleasures. Sadly, he is not always true and when he realizes his mistake, it is usually too late. The children are the worst sufferers of the ills of modernization. The childhood may be spent on material fulfillment but emotional. Deprivation. I hey thus develop a distorted personal they grow in an emotional vacuum. They learn about the hard facts of life outside the world and do not even realize that there is much beyond the mad race in the modern world.
It is not that modernization has no positive aspects. In fact, the forces of change have broken the fetters of decay and chain of irrational, cruel and obscurantist customs. Today, a modern young man believes in reason, rationality, justice, fair play, and equality. For him, religious fundamentalism, casteism have no value. Talent and merit are the only deciding factor for finding a man's worth. He refuses to accept anything out of blind faith. In fact, democracy and secularism are being sustained by the forces of modernization only.
The process of modernization cannot be stopped or reversed. In fact, any attempt to do so would be suicidal for the human civilization. What is important is that we learn to reduce the negative impacts of modernization and instead try to reap maximum benefit out of it. Also, it is important that we learn to adjust to the changing realities. It becomes the duty of the young people to try to balance the needs of the time and the demands of the old. Also, it is for the old persons to see that they do not impose their own value system upon the young. Above all our faith in the higher human values and ethics must not weaken.
e. Competitive Exams Essay: Education As a Short of Commodity Today Over the past three decades, there has been a sea change in the attitudes of people connected with education Teachers, administrators, and planners, students and parents are all looking at education as a sort of commodity that leads on to better earnings and status in society. It is not surprising that it is so. But what is unfortunate is another development leading to an attitudinal change in society. The intrinsic value of education is no longer recognized although pious platitudes are mouthed quite frequently.
The main reason is that the flux of change has caught up with education much more dramatically than with other areas of activity. While the demand for education has been growing steadily in the developing countries including India, quality has not kept pace with it. Another factor and an equally disturbing one is the politicization of the campuses. Not only colleges and universities, but even high schools also seem to be getting infected by this virus. It is not uncommon to find on many campuses pedagogues espousing the cause of one political party or the other, no in any academic sense, but with a fervor that would do a party spokesman proud.
About 30 years ago, student unions and debating societies discussed live political issues. The debates were of a high level with the participants thorough in their homework Communication skills too were good and even those who set their sights on politics as a career went through this exercise with earnestness and sincerity. Similarly, mock parliaments marked the academic calendar in many colleges; the professors in charge spent a lot of time and energy guiding students and training them in the art of debating.
These debates attracted a large number of students who came to cheer their compatriots. There was on all sides a desire to learn, be informed and to enlarge the mental horizon. This aspect, which made college life in the fifties and sixties valuable, is sadly missing today on a vast majority of the campuses. Yet another aspect is that the pedagogues were by and large scholars who believed in furthering knowledge. They had an abundant love for their students and could spare time for those who cane to clarify their doubts. Thus, the mutual bond of affection and scholarship helped cement a lifelong relationship between the teacher and the taught. This is conspicuous by its absence today.
These losses cannot be counterbalanced by an impressive infrastructure in the form of stately buildings and an array of instruments in laboratories. The human material of the earlier years did in a large measure fulfill the task set out for it, namely becoming teachers in the true sense of the word and this was done in an environment of virtual poverty of hardware. It is here that the mentors of the olden days score over the pedagogues of today. Perhaps, the teachers of these
days worked in a spirit of self-effacement. An inexhaustible love for learning characterized their daily schedule and this got transformed into an abiding love or teaching, in a way, this was the next best that one could wish for in the place of the ancient gurukula pattern. But the institutionalized classroom instruction has degenerated in the last three decades or several reasons.
The unholy preoccupation with things that are material which, of course, is the result of the present consumerist trend, the craving to get rich quickly, the closing of the avenues for certain fields of study to the youth who genuinely pine for these and the decadence that has set in society as a result of the erosion of ethical values are to blame. Caste considerations in the selection of candidates to courses and jobs are also contributing factors. Educationists, by and large, feel that this type of affirmative action by the Centre and the State Governments has been carried to the extreme and need? to be modified to meet the aspirations of the rising generation. It is a pity that parents are now intent on pushing their children into certain grooves of academic activity. This is evident from the obsession of parents with getting for their wards seats in professional institutions. There are instances of middle-class parents becoming almost paranoid about seats in engineering and medical colleges.
The proliferation of these self-financing colleges has in a way satisfied this great demand. But the categorization of seats under the labels free or payment-based and payment has led to an anomalous situation. The students selected ur. Der the free seat quotas are perforce to pay tuition fees as prescribed for the Government or aided colleges. Often, the hapless scholars have to pay something more on the sly, especially while opting for preferred courses such as computer science arid engineering. But those selected under the payment category have to shell out three or four times more. Not unexpectedly, this type of differentiation. Two sets of students paying vastly different fees for the same course. Produces in the minds of the youth a distorted sense of values.
To be fair to the private managements, it must be said that the cost of establishing and running a professional college has gone up steeply in the last few years. Also, the pressure on the management to improve the facilities has increased, thanks to the statutory bodies such as the All India Council for Technical Education and the Medical Council of India. The objective, no doubt, is to make the errant managements who are in the habit of commercializing education mend their ways. This has had a salutary effect in almost every State where the self-financing colleges came up:
The conduct of examinations by different agencies including the school boards and universities is another prickly issue. In the last few decades, the number of candidates appearing for various public examinations right from the SSLC through the higher secondary to the degree and postgraduate levels has grown up by leaps and bounds. Indeed, it is becoming unmanageable running into lakhs of candidates in certain categories for any centralized agency such as the school boards.
A strong case can be made out for decentralizing the system taking care at the same time that a modicum of uniformity in evaluation and assessment of answer scripts is maintained. What is to be guarded against is the leakage of question papers that have come to characterize the modern scene. The necessary evil of examinations cannot in the present context be replaced by any other system: The only remedy is to make the entire process, right from the setting up of question papers, invigilation, paper dispatch, and valuation to the announcement of results foolproof. Whenever a reexamination is ordered, it is the hardworking, studious candidates who undergo greater hardship. The curbing of malpractices is only one aspect, refining the techniques of evaluation and selection of teachers of integrity to be in charge of the process is the crucial part.
Campus watchers are struck by the distortion that has crept into the academic field in the last three decades, namely the neglect of languages, the humanities, and the social sciences. A study of subjects such as history, politics, sociology, economics, psychology, philosophy, languages and literature provides for a deeper understanding of human relationships, behavior and social currents. A majority of students go in for sciences and commerce. While this trend is in consonance with the science and technology age, the skewed preference for these subjects may not in the long run benefit society.
There must be some way of making the humanities attractive to youth, both from the point of view of employment opportunities and from a higher plane. Also, the teachers who handle the subjects must be men and women of exceptional ability, capable of sparking student interest. Unfortunately, such teachers are dwindling in numbers all over the country. A vigorous effort must be made to attract talented youth to the humanities which are essential for the evolution of human development.
f. Essay Topic: Women Empowerment Women empowerment connotes the following meaning in a vivid depiction W-wisdom, O-origin, M-Motherhood, E-Energetic, N-Nucleus of family & Society, E-exemplary, M-Mobilizing, P-Problem Solving, O-operator, W-warmth, E-enthusiastic, R- responsible.
The combination of all these shows a path to progress to the Zenith where the shackles of oppression, Suppression, Superstitions are broken away and with an extraordinary velour & courage she walks to new life. A life of Security life of livelihood, a life of beauty and above all a life where one can have a standoff. Curbing evils prevalent in society.
A look into the leaned data reveals the plight of our womenfolk-more than 15000 rape cases are registered annually in the country female feticide has taken the ratio of girls per 1000 boys in the below 6-year age group to 927. And at least five women have burnt each day in the dowry-related cases. Though the woman has taken rapid stride since independence they are still victim to political, socioeconomic and legal neglect.
Woman has been relegated to the margins in spite of the fact that they numerically constitute at least half of the human race today. This has resulted in a woman being unable to take a place of human dignity as free and independent entities, associated with men on the plane of intellectual and professional equality.
In such an awkward and awful situation the only way that woman can empower is by self participation (1) In the areas of education (2) Against violence (3) Health care (4) Rural develop (5) Improve sex ratio.
The basic requirement of which is education and literacy which is education and literacy which Creates awareness among them and helps them to realize their status in Society and take Full advantage of the concessions offered to them at the correct procedure by law.
Empowerment is, to begin with, the women's participation. Michael Foucault, one of the foremost French thinker writes that women have always been man's dependent and the two have never Shared the world provide equality. Man the sovereign would provide a woman the liege with material protection but she must accept the moral constraints of confinement. Accor during to Foucault, woman's empowerment consists of refusing these constraints of male confinement.
Unless women throw off the shackles which ignore their talent, their skill, and their spirit, women cannot be empowered. And unless they are empowered to take part in the social, economic and political life of the country, the development of the country is ought to affect.
But the face is changing now. The Recent declaration of the Interim government in Afghanistan has included two women in its cabinet. No doubt, it is a worth-praising act for such a fanatic society and a giant leap to boost Indian women's confidence.
India has given birth to such bold women that stood at the world frontiers to represent Indian Subcontinents with all its glamour & glory.
Such great women included the most renowned Indian Gandhi, Sarojini Naidu, Pandit Vijayalakshmi, etc. When these wonders represented India, it was a period when our society was all mingled up with blind faiths and superstitions. But now the situation has changed people are becoming more broad-minded than before. Now, we can see women working in many companies, factories, private and public firms as managing directors, existence managers, professors, personal secretaries and a many more to be listed Kalpana Chawla has led us to the aspect ‘Sitaro Se Aage Jahan Aur Bhi Hai’ this has certainly led to an egoist male to having had a Depressive Episode, In fact, every field is now open for women representation with the help of constitutive bills. Now with the bill of 33% reservation for women candidates have motivated then to participate in the various activities. But all this we see constitutes a minority. What is the majority is still at the mouth of illiteracy and unawareness? We have to create the foundation stone for these poor and destitute. We have to empower our local folk with much more Zeal and enthusiasm in them.
The year 2001 has been celebrated as women's empowerment year and March ‘8’ as the women's Day every year and a new set of initiatives have been taken by the government to tackle this problem.
We can examine the various effects along with their current status under the following groupings: Political Empowerment-Though 73[latex]^{rd}[/latex] and 74[latex]^{th}[/latex] Amendment Bill (The Panchayati Raj Bill and Municipality Bill) ensured one-third of the total seats for women in all elected offices of local bodies in rural and urban, the failure of women's reservation bill has been a real dampener so for as political empowerment is concerned. The lack of consensus among the political parties is but a veiled attempt to scuttle the bill that cuts into the male domain and grants women political power.
Social and Legal Empowerment-for women gender justice and Social Justice is both equally important. To combat gender discrimination government is preparing extensively a package of legislative measures which includes the introduction of some new bills and amendment of some old bills. The objective is to create an environment through positive social and economic policies for a fuller development of women and equal access to participation and decision making in the social, political and economic life of the nation. It also includes strengthening of the legal system. The inadequacy of machinery for the detection of crime and its investigations has to be judged upon and give community support to women against these prevailing crimes.
Government is trying to introduce domestic violence prevention bill in the monsoon session. According to the results of the 1998 survey, about 31 percent of the crimes committed against women were perpetrated by their husbands and relatives. Also, the National Committed for women is drafting a bill against sexual harassment at the workplace. The Supreme Court in the famous Vishaka case has already held Sexual harassment of women at workplace as Violative of fundamental rights of life, liberty, and equality under articles 14, 15, 19 (1) and 21 of the Constitution.
Government has determined to amend Certain articles and acts eg. Indian Succession Act 1925, Married women right to property act 1874, Hindu Succession act 1956, Dowry Prohibition act 1961, Incident Representatives of women prohibition act 1986 and Immoral traffic Prevention Act 1956.
Economic Empowerment-Gender Disparity Reduces participation of women not only in employment but also severs that even educated. The effect is so severe that even educated women are oppressed. As policy shifts from development to empowerment new initiates have cropped up. Women are now helping a lot in agriculture and as a result of which Mahila smooth or self-help groups have been formed who run their own cooperative credit societies. Village Nayla near Jaipur has created a live example of such smooth running credit Societies with impressed US former president Mr. Bill Clinton much that he visited it twice. Once during his official tour area of Gujarat.
SwaShakti project for women empowerment has also achieved great success. Swayamsiddha and Swadhar Schemes to help the rural and underprivileged women have lit a ray of hope for such destitute. Other such schemes and projects for the empowerment of women include Training cum Employment for women, Balikya Samriddhi Fojna, Rashtriya Mahila Kosh and Mahila Samakaya.
The change of approach from welfare to development to empowerment will be meaningless if acts and projects are allowed to remain dormant. We already have the means but either they fail to see the light of the day or remain tigers on paper unless an active approach coupled with mass awareness is pursued, women of [latex]{21}^{st}[/latex] country will continue to live in Dark Age. Women's of our nation have great hidden potentials and calibers and country politically, economically and socially as well.
We have to remember that empowerment is achieved only when our Faith rests high and not on the dunes of sand which will be blown away by the wind.
Life's battle don't always go
To the stronger and faster man
But the sooner or Later man who wins
Is the man who thinks he can.
Q2. Answer:
Characteristics of a good man According to the author, an ideally good man is intensely religious and avoids bad habits such as smoking and drinking. He does not use obscene or indecent language and has a fear of wrongdoing and wrong thinking. He is professionally dutiful and takes an active interest in promoting virtues such as patriotism, industry, and sobriety among workers and their children. If possible he prevents the employment of professors with subversive ideas.
Q3. Answers:
a. business ethics Introduction: Throughout the world, changes are taking place at all levels. The new ways of living, working and relating have been explored and developed. The growth of awareness, development of technology, growth of new dimensions and changes in the attitude are the major reasons for the rapid growth of these changes. This situation has also emerged as an opportunity for the growth of ethical principles and practices.
Arguments for business ethics: 1) Holistic approach.
2) Leadership.
3) Employee commitment.
4) Investor loyalty.
5) Customer satisfaction.
6) Business is a co-operative effort.
7) Higher profits.
8) Changing the mindset of shareholders.
Arguments against business ethics: 1) No need for ethics separately.
2) Demand and supply forces only operate.
3) Compliance of law.
4) Conflicts of interest.
5) Profit is the object of business.
6) Poor moral standards of society.
b. death penalty:
In some countries it is legal to kill someone if they have committed a terrible crime. This is called a death sentence, or the death penalty.
It is not legal in Britain.
There are lots of reasons why people think it's right or wrong.
Arguments for the death penalty:
If someone murders someone else, they have given up their human rights, including the one to stay alive themselves The punishment should 'fit the crime' - if you have killed someone, you should be killed too Giving a killer the death sentence will stop them - and others - doing it again The very small chance of executing the wrong person is balanced by the benefits to society of putting off other murderers Arguments against the death penalty
The death penalty goes against our most basic human right - the right to life Being killed by lethal injection or being electrocuted is not always smooth and painless, sometimes it causes a painful death
No-one has ever proven with numbers that killing murderers stops other people committing similar crimes Mistakes are sometimes made in the law - what if someone is killed who is actually innocent?
Q4. Answers:
a. Write a report on blood donation A blood donation was organized in our school on last Sunday by red cross society. It was held in our school hall. all the preparation such as arrangements of beds, sanitation, etc. were made. A team of doctors and nurses came from the local government hospital. It was open for all so the People from the neighborhood also come to donate blood. People were given fruits and juice. Blood donation camp continued till 3 pm. The chief guest of the camp was the health minister of our State. He inaugurates the camp by cutting the ribbon. At 3 pm blood camp was over with great success.
b. Write a report on in your school for a newspaper  Independence Day Celebrations DAV International Sr. Sec. School, New Subhash Nagar, celebrated Independence Day with unprecedented patriotic fervor on Aug 14, 2017. The gamut of celebration activities held on the campus consisted of special morning assembly, poetry recitation, declamation contest, and impressive parade. The entire school assembled at the ground. The principal hoisted the Tricolor. The national anthem echoed in the entire campus.  
 After the anthem there was class-wise march past. Students marched in contingents to the beat of a drum while the principal presided over it. After the march past, one-act play highlighting the hanging of Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, and Sukhdev brought tears to everyone’s eyes. The group song ‘Ai Mere Vatan Ke Logo’ filled everyone with pure patriotism.  
At the end, the Chairman gave a speech reminding the students and the teachers of the sacrifices made by our great freedom fighters and made us take a pledge that we would serve our motherland, India with heart, body, and soul to bring it glory and laurels with our dignified deeds. At the end, the students have distributed sweets.
Q5. Answers: i. we are not able to develop our intelligence.
ii. freedom
iii. seek the meaning of life
iv. necessity of freedom
v. education
Q6. Answers: (a). i. The teacher asked me if I was not ashamed of telling a lie.
ii. She has been waiting to hear from her husband.
iii. didn't they?
iv. Your father is the man who can solve this problem.
v. Shakuntala is best in all the Sanskrit dramas .
vi. No sooner did he come than he made objections
vii. The writer is evidently enamoured with the subject.
viii. My neighbor is rich enough to buy whatever he wants.
ix. We seldom see ourselves as others see us.
x. If I werethe Principal of the college, I would allow no indiscipline.
(b). i. Our employees go along with the company’s values.
ii. Amit looked over the reports and developed a presentation.
iii. Elections have put back the development in the area.
iv. Hand in the audit report in due time.
v. The company's strategy to cut the cost had fallen through with the revised taxation rates.
(c). i. I bet him to hold his tongue.
ii. More than one person ware killed in the accident.
iii. Not a word did they spoke to the unfortunate wife about it.
iv. The poor villagers have been waiting in the bitter cold for more than four hours now.
v. If he has time he will call you.