Introduction
What is Computer Aptitude?
Computer Aptitude Test is a scientifically validated test designed to measure the aptitude for working with computers. Basically it measures the ability to solve problems quickly that is essential to truly succeed in every field using computers.
Computers are an integral part of everyday life. Computer aptitude is an important section in many competitive exams primarily related to recruitment. Candidates preparing for banking exams like IBPS PO, SBI PO and the RBI, must be prepared with Computer Aptitude syllabus.
"A Computer is a device that can be instructed to carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations automatically via computer programming". Computers follow a generalized set of operations termed as programs. The programs enable the computers to perform an extremely wide range of tasks. Computers are now ubiquitous and are being used in every field of work. Thus, basic knowledge of computers and ability to operate a computer is now crucial for all job aspirants.
Computer Awareness, also known as Computer Aptitude is one of the prominent sections in various recruitment related competitive exams in India. Computer Awareness Important Quiz Practice Sets lists some of the important questions for preparation of Computer Awareness module. The most significant topics to be learnt for Computer Awareness module are as follows:
- History of Computers
- Computer Fundamentals
- Parts of a Computer System
- Data Processing Cycle of a Computer
- Computer Languages
- Input Devices & Output Devices
- Operating Systems
- Database Management Systems
- Microsoft Office
- Keyboard Shortcuts
- File Extensions
- Networking and Internet
- Computer Viruses
- Important Abbreviations
Abbreviations
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| AAC | Advanced Audio Coding (audio compression format defined by the MPEG-2 standad) |
| ABI | Application Binary Interface |
| ABR | Area Border Router |
| AD | Active Directory |
| ADC | Analog - To - Digital Converter |
| ADC | Apple Display Connector (DVI variant) |
| AH | Active Hub |
| AHA | Accelerated Hub Architecture |
| Ajax | Asynchronous Java Script and XML |
| AL | Active Link |
| ALGOL | Algorithmic Language1 |
| ALU | Algorithmic and Logical Unit |
| AM | Active Monitor |
| AMD | Advanced Micro Devices |
| AMR | Audio Modem Riser |
| AOE | ATA over Ethernet |
| APCI | Application- Layer Protocol Control Information |
| API | Application Programming Interface |
| APIPA | Automatic Private IP Addressing |
| ASCH | American Standard Code for Information Interchange |
| ASG | Abstract Semantic Graph |
| ASP | Application Service Provider |
| AST | Abstract Syntax Tree |
| ATA | Advanced Technology Attachment |
| ATM | Asynchronous Transfer Mode |
| AVC | Advanced Video Interleaved |
| AWT | Abstract Windowing Toolkit |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| BASIC | Beginner's All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code |
| BCD | Binary Coded Decimal |
| BEEP | Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol |
| BER | Bit Error Rate |
| BFD | Binary File Descriptor |
| BGP | Border Gateway Protocol |
| bin | binary |
| BINAC | Binary Automatic Computer |
| BIOS | Basic Input Output System |
| bit | binary digit |
| Blob | Binary large object |
| Blog | Web Log |
| BMP | Basic Multilingual Plane |
| BOOTP | Bootstrap Protocol |
| BPEL | Business Process Execution Language |
| bps | bits per second |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| CAD | Computer- Aided Design |
| CAE | Computer- Aided Engineering |
| CAI | Computer- Aided Instruction |
| CAT | Computer- Aided Translation |
| CAQ | Computer- Aided Quality Assurance |
| CC | C Compiler |
| CD | Compact Disc |
| CD-R | CD-Recordable |
| CD-ROM | CD Read-only Memory |
| CD-RW | CD- Rewritable |
| CG | Computer Graphics |
| CGA | Colour Graphics Array |
| CGI | Common Gateway Interface |
| CGI | Common -Generated Imagenry |
| CIFS | Common Internet Filesystem |
| CLI | Command Line Interface |
| CLR | Common Language Runtime |
| CNC | Computer Numerical Control |
| COBOL | Common Business-Oriented Language |
| CPU | Central Processing Unit |
| CTR< | Cathode Ray Tube |
| CSI | Common System Interface |
| CT | Computerised Tomography |
| CTCP | Client-To-Client Protocol |
| CTL | Computational Tree Logic |
| CTS | Clear To Send |
| CUA | Common User Access |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| DAC | Digital-To-Analog Converter |
| DAP | Directiory Access Protocol |
| DB | Databse |
| DBA | Database Administrator |
| DBMS | Database Management System |
| DCC | Direct Client-to-Client |
| DDR | Double Data Rate |
| DES | Data Encryption Standard |
| DFD | Data Flow Diagram |
| DFS | Distributed File System |
| DHTML | Dynamic HTML |
| DIVX | Digital Video Express |
| DLL | Dynamic Link Library |
| DLP | Digital Light Processing |
| DMA | Direct Memory Access |
| DDS | Disk Operating System |
| DPI | Dots Per Inch |
| DPMI | DOS Protected Mode Interface |
| DSL | Digital subscriber Line |
| DSL | Domian- Specific Language |
| DSN | Database Source Name (ODBC) |
| DTE | Data Terminal Equipment |
| DTR | Data Terminal Ready |
| DVD | Digital Versatile Disc |
| DVD | Digital Video Disc |
| DVD-R | DVD- Rewritable |
| DVI | Digital Visual Interface |
| DVR | Digital Video Recorder |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| EBCDIC | Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code |
| EDO | Extended Data Out |
| EEPROM | Electronically-Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory |
| EFF | Electronic Frontier Foundation |
| EFI | Extensible Firmware Interface |
| EGA | Enhanced Graphics Array |
| EGP | Exterior Gateway Protocal |
| eID | electronic ID card |
| EIGRP | Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol |
| ELF | Executable and Linkable Format |
| ELM | Electronic Mail |
| EOM | End of Message |
| EPROM | Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory |
| EUC | Extended Unix Code |
| EXE | EXEcutable |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| FAP | FORTRAN Assembly Program |
| FAT | File Allocation Table |
| FAQ | Frequently Asked Questions |
| FDC | Floppy Disk Controller |
| FDD | Floppy Disk Drive |
| FIFO | First In Fist Out |
| FHS | Filesystem Hierarchy Standard |
| FCS | Frame Check Sequence |
| FPU | Floating Point Unit |
| FS | File System |
| FSB | Front Side Bus |
| FTP | File Transfer Protocol |
| FXP | File eXchange Protocol |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| GB | Gigabyte |
| GCR | Group Code Recording |
| GDI | Graphics Device Interface |
| GFI | Graphics Interchange Format |
| GIGO | Garbage In, Garbage Out |
| GPU | Graphics Processing Unit |
| GUI | Graphical User Interface |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| HAL | Hardware Abstraction Layer |
| HCI | Human Computer Interaction |
| HDD | Hard Disk Drive |
| HD DVD | High Definition DVD |
| HDL | Hardware Description Language |
| HHD | Hybrid Hard Drive |
| HID | Human Interface Guidelines |
| HIG | Human Interface Guidelines |
| HPFS | High Performance File System |
| HSM | Hierarchical Storage Management |
| HTM | Hierarchical Temporal Memory |
| HTML | Hypertext Markup Language |
| HTTP | Hypertext Transfer Protocol |
| HTX | Hyper Transport eXpansion |
| HURD | Hird of Unix- Replacing Daemons |
| HVD | Holographic Versatile Disc |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| IBM | International Business Machines |
| ICMP | Internet Control Message Protocol |
| ICP | Internet Cache Protocol |
| IDL | Interface Definition Language |
| IE | Internet Explorer |
| IGMP | Internet Group Management Protocol |
| IGRP | Interior Gateway Routing Protocol |
| IHV | Independent Hardware Vendor |
| IIOP | Internet Inter-Orb Protocol |
| IIS | Internet Information Services |
| IM | Instant Messaging |
| IMAP | Internet Message Access Protocol |
| I/O | Input/Output |
| IP | Internet Protocol |
| IPC | Inter-Process Communication |
| IPP | Internet Printing Protocol |
| IPSec | Internet Protocol security |
| IPTV | Internet Protocol Television |
| IPX | Internetwork Packet Exchange |
| IRC | Internet Relay Chat |
| IRP | I/ORequest Packet |
| IRQ | Interrupt Request |
| ISC | Internet Storm Center |
| ISO | International Organisation for Standardisation |
| ISOC | Internet Society |
| ISP | Internet Service Provider |
| ISR | Interrupt Service Routine |
| ISV | Independent Software Vendor |
| IT | Information Technology |
| ITU | International Telecommunication Union |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| J2CE | Java 2 Cryptograhic Edition |
| JDS | Java Desktop System |
| JMX | Java Management Extensions |
| JMS | Java Message Service |
| JNDI | Java Naming and Directory Interface |
| JNI | Java Native Interface |
| JPEG | Joint Photographic Experts Group |
| JS | Java Script |
| JSON | Java Script Object Notation |
| JSP | Java Server Pages |
| JUG | Java Users Group |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| Kb | Kilobit |
| KB | Kilobyte |
| KHZ | Kilohertz |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| LAN | Local Area Network |
| LIFO | Last In first Out |
| LSB | Least Significant Bit |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| MAN | Metropolitan Area Network |
| MANET | Mobile Ad- Hoc Network |
| Mb | Megabit |
| MB | Megabyte |
| MBCS | Multi Byte Character Set |
| MBR | Master Boot Record |
| MDI | Multiple Document Interface |
| MICR | Magnetic Ink Character Recognition |
| MIMO | Multiple-Input Multiple-Output |
| MIPS | Million Instructions Per Second |
| MIME | Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions |
| MMX | Multi-Media Extensions |
| MNG | Multiple-Image Network Graphics |
| MPEG | Motion Pictures (Coding) Experts Group |
| MPL | Mozilla Public License |
| MSB | Most Significant Bit |
| MS-DOS | Microsoft DOS |
| MVS | Multiple Virtual Storage |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| NEXT | Near- End Cross Talk |
| NFS | Network File System |
| NIO | New I/O |
| NMI | Non- Maskable Interrupt |
| NNTP | Network News Transfer Protocol |
| NOP | No Operation |
| NOS | Netwrok Operating System NT (Windows) New Technology |
| NTP | Network Time Protocol |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| OOP | Object- Oriented Programming |
| OPML | Outline Processor Markup Language |
| OS | Operating System |
| OSS | Open- Source Software |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| P2P | Peer-To- Peer |
| PAN | Personal Area Network |
| PAP | Password Authentication Protocol |
| PATA | Parallel ATA |
| PC | Personal Computer |
| PCI | Peripheral Component Interconnect |
| PCLe | PCI Express |
| PCL | Printer Command Language |
| PGA | Pin Grid Array |
| PIC | Peripheral Interface Controller |
| PIC | Programmable Interrupt Controller |
| PINE | Program for Internet News & Email |
| PIO | Programmed Input/ Output |
| PnP | Plug-and- Play |
| PoE | Power over Ethernet |
| PPC | Power PC |
| PPI | Pixels Per Inch |
| PPP | Point-to-Point Protocol |
| PPPoA | PPP over Ethernet |
| PPTP | Point- to-Point Tunneling Protocol |
| PSU | Power Supply Unit |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| QDR | Quad Data Rate |
| QFP | Quoted For Permanence |
| QoS | Quality of Service |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| RADIUS | Remote Authentication Dial In User Service |
| RAID | Redundant Array of Independent Disks |
| RAM | Random Access Memory |
| RARP | Reverse Address Resolution Protocol |
| RDBMS | Relational Database Management System |
| RDF | Resource Description Framework |
| REFAL | REcursive Functions Algorithmic Language |
| RIP | Routing Information Protocol |
| ROM | Read Only Memory |
| ROMB | Read-Out Motherborad |
| RTOS | Real Time Operating System |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| SaaS | Software as a Service |
| SAN | Storage Area Network |
| SATA | Serial ATA |
| SAX | Simple API for XML |
| SBP-2 | Serial Bus Protocol 2 |
| SBU | Standard Build Unit |
| SCSI | Small Computer System Interface |
| SDL | Simple Direct Media Layer |
| SDN | Service Delivery Network |
| SDR | Software-Defined Radio |
| SDRAM | Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory |
| SMBIOS | System Management BIOS |
| SMTP | Simple Mail Transfer Protocol |
| SP | Service Pack |
| SPI | Serial Peripheral Interface |
| SQL | Structured Query Language |
| SUS | Single UNIX Specification |
| SVD | Structured VLSI Design |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| TCP | Transmission Control Protocol |
| TCP/IP | Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol |
| TTA | True Tap-Audio |
| TTF | True Type Font |
| TTS | Text-to-Speech |
| TTY | Teletype |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| UAC | User Account Control |
| UART | Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter |
| UEFI | Unified Extensible Firmware Interface |
| UI | User Interface |
| UL | Upload |
| UPS | Uninterruptible Power Supply |
| URI | Uniform Resource Identifier |
| URN | Uniform Resource Name |
| USB | Universal Serial Bus |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| Var | variable |
| VB | Visual Basic |
| VBA | Visual Basic for Applications |
| VBS | Visual Basic script |
| VFAT | Virtual FAT |
| VFS | Virtual File System |
| VGA | Video Graphics Array |
| VGCT | Video Graphics Character Table |
| VLAN | Virtual Local Area Network |
| VM | Virtual Memory |
| VOD | Video On Demand |
| VOIP | Voice over IP |
| VPN | Virtual Private Network |
| VT | Video Terminal |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| WAFS | Wide Area File Services |
| WAIS | Wide Area Information Server |
| WAN | Wide Area Network |
| WAP | Wireless Application Protocol |
| Wi-Fi | Wireless Fidelity |
| WiMAX | Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access |
| WInFS | Windows Future Storage |
| WINS | Windows Internet Naming Service |
| WLAN | Wireless Local Area Network |
| WMA | Windows Media Audio |
| WMV | Windows Media Video |
| WOL | Wake-on-LAN |
| WOM | Wake-on-Modem |
| WPA | Wi-Fi Protected Access |
| WSDL | Web Services Description Language |
| WUSB | Wireless Wide Area Network |
| WWID | World Wide Identifier |
| WWW | World Wide Web |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| XAML | eXtensible Application Markup Language |
| XHTML | eXtensible Hypertext Markup Language |
| XML | eXtensible Markup Language |
| XMMS | X Multimedia System |
| XNS | Xerox Network Services |
| XSL | eXtensible Styleheet Language |
| XSL-FO | eXtensible Stylesheet Language Formatting Objects |
| XSLT | eXtensible Stylesheet Language Transformatons |
| XUL | XML User Interface Language |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| Y2K | Year Two Thousand |
| Abbreviations | Full Form |
|---|---|
| ZIFS | Zero Insertion Force Socket |
| ZISC | Zero Instruction Set Computer |
| ZMA | Zone Multicast Address |