Direction(1-5): A passage is given with 5 questions following it. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives.
Genetic variation is the cornerstone of evolution, without which there can be no natural selection, and so a low genetic diversity decreases the ability of a species to survive and reproduce, explains lead author Yoshan Moodley, Professor at the Department of Zoology, University of Venda in South Africa.
Two centuries ago, the black rhinoceros - which roamed much of sub Saharan Africa - had 64 different genetic lineages; but today only 20 of these lineages remain, says the paper. The species is now restricted to five countries, South Africa, Namibia, Kenya, Zimbabwe and Tanzania. Genetically unique populations that once existed in Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Mozambique, Malawi and Angola have disappeared. The origins of the 'genetic erosion' coincided with colonial rule in Africa and the popularity of big game hunting. From the second half of the 20th century, however, poaching for horns has dramatically depleted their population and genetic diversity, especially in Kenya and Tanzania.
1. What is important for evolution?

A. Genetic variation B. Large population C. Mixing of species D. Survival of the fittest E. None of these

2. Sub Sharan Africa has lost how many black rhino genetic lineages in 200 years?

A. 64 B. 20 C. 44 D. 30 E. 27

3. Genetically unique black rhinoceros has been lost in all of the following countries, except?

A. Tanzania B. Nigeria C. Chad D. Malawi E. None of these

4. From the second half of the 20th century what has caused a dramatic fall in black rhinoceros population?

A. poaching B. colonial rule C. big game hunting D. fall in genetic diversity E. None of these

5. Genetic diversity is proportional to __________.

A. species population B. the ability of a species to survive and reproduce C. inbreeding D. extinction E. None of these

Answers and Explanations
1. Answer - Option A
Explanation -
Genetic variation is the cornerstone of evolution. Thus, A is the answer.
2. Answer - Option C
Explanation -
Two centuries ago, the black rhinoceros - which roamed much of sub Saharan Africa - had 64 different genetic lineages. Thus, C is the answer.
3. Answer - Option A
Explanation -
The species is now restricted to five countries, South Africa, Namibia, Kenya, Zimbabwe and Tanzania. Only, Tanzania is present in the options. Thus, A is the answer.
4. Answer - Option A
Explanation -
From the second half of the 20th century, however, POACHING FOR HORNS has dramatically depleted their population and genetic diversity, especially in Kenya and Tanzania. Thus, A is the answer.
5. Answer - Option B
Explanation -
And so a low genetic diversity decreases the ability of a species to survive and reproduce''. Thus B is the answer.

Most of the global economy is now subject to positive economic trends: unemployment is falling, ……(1) gaps are closing, growth is picking up, and, for reasons that are not yet clear, inflation remains below the major central banks’ targets. On the other hand, productivity growth remains weak, income ……(2) is increasing, and less educated workers are struggling to find attractive employment opportunities. After eight years of aggressive ……(3) , developed economies are emerging from an ……(4) deleveraging phase that naturally suppressed growth from the demand side. As the level and ……(5) of debt has been shifted, deleveraging pressures have been reduced, allowing for a ……(6) global expansion. Still, in time, the primary determinant of GDP growth – and the ……(7) of growth patterns – will be gains in productivity. Yet, as things stand, there is ample reason to doubt that productivity will pick up on its own. There are several important items missing from the policy mix that cast a shadow over the realization of both full-scale productivity growth and a shift to more inclusive growth patterns. First, growth potential can’t be realized without sufficient human capital. This lesson is apparent in the experience of developing countries, but it applies to developed economies, too. Unfortunately, across most economies, skills and capabilities do not seem to be keeping pace with rapid structural shifts in labor markets. Governments have proved either unwilling or unable to act aggressively in terms of education and skills ……(8) or in redistributing income. And in countries like the United States, the distribution of income and wealth is so ……(9) that lower-income households cannot afford to invest in measures to ……(10) to rapidly changing employment conditions. Second, most job markets have a large information gap that will need to be closed. Workers know that change is coming, but they do not know how skills requirements are evolving, and thus cannot base their choices on concrete data. Governments, educational institutions, and businesses have not come anywhere close to providing adequate guidance on this front.
1.

A. modify, alter B. output, return C. convert, transform D. inconsistency, variation E. None of these

2.

A. restyle, refashion B. product, redesign C. production, manufacture D. inequality, disproportion E. None of these

3.

A. manufacturing, making B. stimulus, precipitant C. yield, harvest D. variability, divergence E. None of these

4.

A. stimulant, encouragement B. producing, construction C. achievement, accomplishment D. extended, invent E. None of these

5.

A. make, produce B. writings, creation C. composition, constitution D. building, fabrication E. None of these

6.

A. concoct, hatch B. impetus, boost C. assembly, creation D. synchronized, adjust E. None of these

7.

A. inclusivity, comprehensive B. prompt, prod C. build, construct D. devise, formulate E. None of these

8.

A. create, fabricate B. retraining, comprehensive C. incentive, inducement D. overall , exception E. None of these

9.

A. configuration, structure B. skewed, twisted C. inspiration, fillip D. prefabricate, process E. None of these

10.

A. askew, crooked B. impulse, provocation C. motive, motivation D. adapt, alter E. None of these

Answers and Explanations
1. Answer - Option B
Explanation -
output and return is suitable pair of words as per given paragraph and have similar meaning which means the amount of something produced by a person, machine, or industry.
2. Answer - Option D
Explanation -
inequality and disproportion is suitable pair of words as per given paragraph and have similar meaning which means difference in size, degree, circumstances, etc.; lack of equality.
3. Answer - Option B
Explanation -
stimulus and precipitant is suitable pair of words as per given paragraph and have similar meaning which means a thing or event that evokes a specific functional reaction in an organ or tissue.
4. Answer - Option D
Explanation -
extended and invent is suitable pair of words as per given paragraph and have similar meaning which means create or design (something that has not existed before); be the originator of.
5. Answer - Option C
Explanation -
composition and constitution is suitable pair of words as per given paragraph and have similar meaning which means the nature of something’s ingredients or constituents; the way in which a whole or mixture is made up.
6. Answer - Option D
Explanation -
synchronized and adjust is suitable pair of words as per given paragraph and have similar meaning which means cause to occur or operate at the same time or rate.
7. Answer - Option A
Explanation -
inclusivity and comprehensive is suitable pair of words as per given paragraph and have similar meaning which means including all the services or items normally expected or required.
8. Answer - Option B
Explanation -
retraining and comprehensive is suitable pair of words as per given paragraph and have similar meaning which means teach (someone) new skills to enable them to do a different job.
9. Answer - Option B
Explanation -
skewed and twisted is suitable pair of words as per given paragraph and have similar meaning which means suddenly change direction or position.
10. Answer - Option D
Explanation -
adapt and alter is suitable pair of words as per given paragraph and have similar meaning which means make (something) suitable for a new use or purpose; modify.

1. Fringe elements, in the name of cow protection has appeared to be(A) / on the prowl and operating with impunity in some of the states(B) /. The unchecked manner in that they are unleashing violence(C) / without the fear of law and order is a matter of serious concern.(D)

A. BC B. AC C. AD D. BD E. No error

2. The national Nutrition Mission was supposed to be(A) / game changer in terms of malnutrition in India(B) /. Unfortunately , it act like a governing body which measures malnutrition(C)/ rather than it worked in a holistic way.(D)

A. BC B. AD C. CD D. AB E. No error

Direction(3-4): In each of the following questions four words are given, of which two words are most nearly the same or opposite meaning. Find out the two words which are the most nearly the same or the opposite meaning.
3. A. drivel B. trifling C. blather D. putrid

A. B-D B. A-C C. A-D D. B-C E. C-D

4. A. attribute B. confuse C. bolster D. strengthen

A. B-C B. A-D C. A-B D. B-D E. C-D

5. From the time Albert Einstein proposed his general theory of relativity and existence of black holes, an unseeable frontier has captivated the human mind. Now that there is a photographic evidence, it makes it all the more real and facinating.

A. unseeable B. captivated C. facinating D. proposed E. All are correct

Answers and Explanations
1. Answer - Option B
Explanation -
Replace ‘has appeared’ with ‘appear’
Replace ‘that’ with ‘which’
2. Answer - Option C
Explanation -
Replace ‘act’ with ‘acts’
Replace ‘it worked’ with ‘working’
3. Answer - Option B
Explanation -
A-C are synonyms
drivel/blather – senseless talk, nonsense
Trifling – unimportant
Putrid – of or characteristic of rotting matter.
4. Answer - Option E
Explanation -
C-D are synonyms
Bolster – provide support or strength
5. Answer - Option C
Explanation -
Correct spelling is fascinating

Direction(1-5): Rearrange the following sentences in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph then answer the following questions.

A. Basaveswara was a 12th century spiritual master in Karnataka. B. Disillusioned by an indifferent and disparate society, Basavanna formed a new spiritual institution, Anubhava Mantapa. C. It was based on democratic principles to spread universal love and brotherhood. D. Popularly known as Basavanna, he propagated moral, ethical and spiritual values for a peaceful and purposeful life. E. Anyone, irrespective of caste, could become a member as long as they were pious and of good character.

1. Which is the Fourth sentence after Rearrangement?

A. E B. F C. C D. G E. A

2. Which is the First sentence after Rearrangement?

A. F B. A C. E D. B E. C

3. Which is the Fifth sentence after Rearrangement?

A. B B. A C. F D. E E. D

4. Which is the Second sentence after Rearrangement?

A. E B. B C. A D. E E. D

5. Which is the Third sentence after Rearrangement?

A. A B. D C. B D. E E. C

Answers and Explanations
1. Answer - Option C
2. Answer - Option A
3. Answer - Option E
4. Answer - Option D
5. Answer - Option B
Explanation [1-5]-
A. Basaveswara was a 12th century spiritual master in Karnataka.
B. Popularly known as Basavanna, he propagated moral, ethical and spiritual values for a peaceful and purposeful life.
C. Disillusioned by an indifferent and disparate society, Basavanna formed a new spiritual institution, Anubhava Mantapa.
D. It was based on democratic principles to spread universal love and brotherhood.
E. Anyone, irrespective of caste, could become a member as long as they were pious and of good character.