 Introduction
 Introduction  Vocabulary
 Vocabulary | Word | Definition | Synonyms | Usage | 
|---|---|---|---|
| Crass (Adjective) | showing no intelligence or sensitivity. | 
 | “The crass assumptions that men make about women” | 
| Futile (Adjective) | incapable of producing any useful result; pointless. | 
 | “A futile attempt to keep fans from mounting the stage” | 
| Eminent (Adjective) | famous and respected within a particular sphere. | 
 | “One of the world’s most eminent statisticians” | 
| Dubious (Adjective) | hesitating or doubting. | 
 | “I was rather dubious about the whole idea” | 
| Exonerated (Verb) | absolve (someone) from blame for a fault or wrongdoing. | 
 | “An inquiry exonerated those involved” | 
| Word | Definition | Synonyms | Usage | 
|---|---|---|---|
| Restraining (Verb) | prevent (someone or something) from doing something; keep under control or within limits. | 
 | “The need to restrain public expenditure” | 
| Heft (Verb) | lift or carry (something heavy). | 
 | “He lifted crates and hefted boxes” | 
| Insurmountable (Adjective) | too great to be overcome. | 
 | “An insurmountable problem” | 
| Surmised (Verb) | suppose that something is true without having evidence to confirm it. | 
 | “He surmised that something must be wrong” | 
| Purport (Verb) | appear to be or do something, especially falsely. | 
 | “She is not the person she purports to be” | 
| Word | Definition | Synonyms | Usage | 
|---|---|---|---|
| Tactics (Noun) | an action or strategy carefully planned to achieve a specific end. | 
 | "They planned the tactics for the next day's battle" | 
| Untenable (Adjective) | (especially of a position or view) not able to be maintained or defended against attack or objection. | 
 | "They collectively dismissed the prospect as untenable" | 
| Defection (Noun) | the desertion of one's country or cause in favour of an opposing one. | 
 | "Recent changes in policy have resulted in large-scale defection from the party" | 
| Ingenious (Adjective) | cleverly and originally devised and well suited to its purpose | 
 | "An ingenious idea suddenly came upon him when he was taking a walk with his wife" | 
| Partisan (Noun) | a strong supporter of a party, cause, or person. | 
 | "You must listen to both points of view and try not to be partisan" |